Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2023
Authors
Arne BardalenAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Arne Stensvand Nan-Yi Wang Vinh Hong Le Claudio Dias Da Silva Jr Belachew Asalf Tadesse Chloé Grieu William W. Turechek Natalia A. PeresAbstract
Powdery mildew, caused by the ascomycete Podosphaera aphanis, is an important disease of strawberry. A slightly modified version of a method using steam thermotherapy to rid diseases and pests from strawberry transplants was tested against strawberry powdery mildew. Experiments took place in Norway and Florida, with potted strawberry plants heavily infected with the fungus. Aerated steam treatments of the plants were carried out as follows: a pre-treatment with steaming at 37 °C for 1 h was followed by 1 h at ambient temperature before plants were exposed to steaming at 40, 42, or 44 °C for 2 or 4 h in Norway and 44 °C for 4 h in Florida. Following steaming, plants from the different treatments and the untreated control were kept apart and protected from outside contamination of powdery mildew by growing them in closed containers with over-pressure. On steamed plants, hyphae of P. aphanis were dead and without any new spore formation after treatments, independent of temperature or exposure time; however, up to 99% of the area infected with powdery mildew prior to treatments contained actively sporulating lesions on non-steamed plants. None of the new leaves formed after steaming had powdery mildew, whereas more than half of the new leaves on non-treated plants were infected by P. aphanis. This investigation clearly indicates that steam thermotherapy can eradicate powdery mildew from strawberry transplants, and this can be achieved at lower temperatures and exposure times than previously reported for other pathogens.
Authors
Mirella Ludwiczewska Paulina Paluchowska Marta Janiszewska Erik Lysøe Simeon Rossmann Sylwester Sobkowiak Zhimin Yin May Bente Brurberg Jadwiga ŚliwkaAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Mirella Ludwiczewska Paulina Paluchowska Marta Janiszewska Erik Lysøe Simeon Rossmann Sylwester Sobkowiak Zhimin Yin May Bente Brurberg jadwiga SliwkaAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Junbin Zhao Mikhail Mastepanov Cornelya Klutsch Hanna Marika Silvennoinen Erling Fjelldal David Kniha Runar KjærAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Mohammad Tirgariseraji Tomas Persson Yaghoob Jafari Mahmood Sabouhi Sabouni Alisher Mirzabaev Alireza Nikouei Naser Shahnoushi ForoushaniAbstract
Negative environmental impacts of nitrogen (N) intensive diets have triggered global debates on sustainable nitrogen management. Solutions such as dietary transitions, cropland reallocation and N Regulatory Policy (NRP) have been proposed to mitigate the adverse environmental impacts of N use in food production. However, there is still insufficient understanding of how NRPs could be designed to minimize negative environmental impact across diverse agro-ecological zones without sacrificing human dietary requirements. To increase this understanding, we evaluated the consequences of three NRP scenarios (low, moderate, and high N fertilizer rates) on the amount of livestock and non-livestock diet components as well as the associated N leaching and farmers' Gross Margin (GM) by optimizing the allocation of cropland between food and feed crops. We developed a bio-economic Interval Fuzzy Multi-Objective Programming (bio-economic IFMOP) model for the Zayandeh-Rud river basin, Iran, and a procedure that accounts for annual average availability of calories per capita, calorie sources from livestock and non-livestock components of three dietary preferences, and inequality in calorie distribution. The interaction among soil, climate and weather variability and NRPs across nine sub-regions of the case study region was handled by crop yield simulation using the DSSAT software. The solution of farmers' GM, derived from the optimization problem across possibilities of water fluctuations, was assessed to determine the uncertainty in GM. We also introduced an N leaching per Block of Distributed Calories (BDC) criterion based on solutions of supplied calories and associated N leaching. The upper bound of the moderate NRP scenario resulted in the smallest N leaching per BDC. This corresponded to ∼0.34, ∼0.34, ∼3.77 and 19.00 million BDC of meat, dairy, wheat and potato, respectively. Also, the upper bound of this scenario satisfied the lowest instability in farmers’ GM against water fluctuation compared with low and high NRP scenarios. The affordable volume of N leaching per BDC varied across sub-regions between [1.53,3.49], [1.52,3.33], [0.76,0.99] and [0.05,0.08] kg for meat, dairy, wheat and potato, respectively. Our results highlighted both optimistic and pessimistic prospects of producing low N leaching diets. The approach of this study could also be applied to other regions and countries.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Gabriella do Vale Pereira Luis E. C. Conceição Filipe Soares Jessica Petereit Bela H. Buck Johan Johansen Jorge Dias Filippo FaccendaAbstract
This trial aimed to assess the growth performance of trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed novel formulations, evaluate fish welfare status, and determine flesh quality as part of the evaluation of sustainable feeds. A control diet containing fish meal and soy products (CTRL) was compared to: a diet with processed animal proteins (PAP); a diet without PAP (NoPAP); a PAP diet lower in protein (PAP−); and a NoPAP diet higher in protein (NoPAP+). Groups of 50 fish, weighing 58.84 ± 1.39 g (IBW), were allocated to 20 tanks and fed with formulated diets ad libitum over 91 days. Better growth performance was observed after the experiment in fish fed the NoPAP+ diet when compared to other diets. Protein retention was higher in CTRL diets than in PAP and PAP− diets. Protein and phosphorous digestibility were lower in fish fed PAP− diet. Diets did not influence the texture analysis. However, sensory analysis revealed higher acceptance for fish fed the NoPAP diet when compared to the PAP diet. Lysozyme was higher in the NoPAP diet than in other treatments. In addition, long-term predictions using FEEDNETICSTM software suggest some of these alternative formulations may be economically sustainable. Overall, these results support the hypothesis that the new formulations are viable options for trout farming.
Authors
Anne Friederike Borchert Karin Juul Hesselsøe Atle Beisland Trond Olav Pettersen Tatsiana EspevigAbstract
No abstract has been registered