Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2025
Authors
Michael A. H. Bekken Astrid Vatne Poul Larsen Andreas Ibrom Klaus Steenberg Larsen Bo Elberling Kristoffer Aalstad Sebastian Westermann Jacqueline K. Knutson Lena M. Tallaksen Peter Dörsch Peter Horvath Anders Bryn Norbert PirkAbstract
A controlled peatland rewetting experiment was conducted on two adjacent drained peatland sites in southeastern Norway. Eddy covariance monitoring of CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes at both sites began in 2019. In 2021, the Treatment Site was rewetted while the Control Site remained drained. Using nine environmental variables and the processed flux data as training data, Bayesian Additive Regression Tree (BART) models were used to generate annual flux balances for CO 2 and CH 4 . The 4-year mean annual flux at the Control Site was 17.3 ± 10 g CO 2 -C m − 2 yr − 1 and 4.6 ± 0.1 g CH 4 -C m − 2 yr − 1 . At the Treatment Site, the 2-year mean annual flux before the rewetting was 12.2 ± 3.8 g CO 2 -C m − 2 yr − 1 and 1.8 ± 0.04 g CH 4 -C m − 2 yr − 1 . In the first year after rewetting the annual flux was 53.3 ± 13 g CO 2 -C m − 2 yr − 1 and 3.8 ± 0.3 g CH 4 -C m − 2 yr − 1 , and in the second year after rewetting the annual flux was 41.2 ± 18 g CO 2 -C m − 2 yr − 1 and 3.4 ± 0.4 g CH 4 -C m − 2 yr − 1 . BART counterfactual modeling was able to estimate the effect of the rewetting on CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes. Two years after the rewetting, the BART counterfactual modeling estimated that the cumulative fluxes had increased by 80.3 ± 49 g CO 2 -C m − 2 and 3.4 ± 0.47 g CH 4 -C m − 2 because of the rewetting. Carbon flux monitoring of both sites is ongoing as the Control Site remains drained and the soil and vegetation at the Treatment Site continues to adjust to the altered hydrological regime after rewetting.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Heidi Udnes AamotAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Maria Åsnes Moan Stefano Puliti Rasmus Astrup Ole Martin Bollandsås Terje Gobakken Maciej Wielgosz Hans Ole Ørka Lennart NoordermeerAbstract
Abstract The site index (SI) describes a site’s potential to produce wood volume. Accurate information on SI in young forests is essential for planning thinning operations and projecting future growth and yield. For tree species that form annual branch whorls, information on interwhorl distances along the stem may be used to determine the SI in young forests. Branch whorls, and consequently tree height growth trajectories, can be detected automatically using deep learning on very dense laser scanning data. In the current study, we demonstrate this approach in a case study in a young Norway spruce forest. We trained a pose estimation Convolutional Neural Network and detected branch whorls of 97 dominant trees in 54 plots scanned with mobile laser scanning data. We predicted SI determined from detected branch whorls in three different sections of each tree, selected in the stem height range between 2.5 and 8 m: all whorls, the lowest six whorls, and whorls selected with an automatic selection procedure. We compared the obtained SI to the SI determined from field-measured branch whorls. Obtained values of precision, recall, and F1 score for the branch whorl detection were 0.66, 0.58, and 0.62, respectively. Values of root mean square error and mean differences between reference and predicted SI ranged between 19.8%–20.9% and −3.6%–4.0%, respectively. Although the tested approach showed potential for SI determination in young forests, the obtained errors were large. This was due to detection errors and high sensitivity to small changes in height increment. These issues highlight the need for further research to improve branch whorl detection accuracy and address challenges associated with determining the SI in young forests.
Authors
Jingwei Li Min-Rui Wang Zhibo Hamborg Dag-Ragnar Blystad Gayle Volk Jean Carlos Bettoni QiaoChun WangAbstract
Rapid population growth poses a major challenge to global food security. Promoting sustainable agricultural production is necessary to ensure the global food security. Horticultural plants are a high-valued part in agricultural production. Virus and viroid diseases have long been a key factor limiting the horticultural production. Cultivation and distribution of pathogen-free plants is currently the most efficient practice for managing virus and viroid diseases, and their spread in the landscape. Cryotherapy-based methods are recently developed novel biotechnologies for the efficient production of pathogen-free plants. This review outlines updated information on the development and advances in cryotherapy-based methods for efficiently eradicating viruses and viroids in horticultural plants. Mechanisms underlining cryotherapy-based methods for improved pathogen eradication are discussed, and suggestions for further studies are proposed.
Authors
Jiunn Luh Tan Igor Koloniuk Ondřej Lenz Jana Veselá Jaroslava Přibylová Rostislav Zemek Josef Špak Radek Čmejla Jiří Sedlák Dag-Ragnar Blystad Zhibo Hamborg Jana FránováAbstract
Although global raspberries production has grown in the past decade, it remains threatened by plant viruses. This study surveyed raspberry viruses and associated arthropods in the Czech Republic between 2021 and 2022 across five regions. A total of 257 plant and 151 arthropod samples were tested using RT-(q)PCR for 12 viruses listed in the EPPO Certification scheme, plus raspberry leaf blotch virus (RLBV) and a novel virus, tentatively named raspberry-associated virus A (RaVA). Raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV) was most prevalent (51.8%), followed by black raspberry necrosis virus (BRNV, 42.0%) and raspberry leaf mottle virus (RLMV, 28.4%). Four viruses—arabis mosaic virus, apple mosaic virus, strawberry latent ringspot virus, raspberry ringspot virus—were not detected. RBDV was also identified in Sambucus nigra, a new host, while mixed RLBV and RaVA infection was found in wild Rubus occidentalis. RLBV was experimentally transmitted to Nicotiana occidentalis 37B in the presence of Phyllocoptes gracilis. Seven of 39 arthropod species carried viruses, but only two—Amphorophora rubi idaei and Aphis idaei—are known vectors. PCR amplicons from 92 isolates were sequenced, revealing high variability in several viruses. These findings offer new insights but highlight the need for continued monitoring and research.
Authors
Marius Dobbe Klemetsen Marte Marie Fossum Ranvik Thomas Georges A Bawin Sigridur Dalmannsdottir Sangharsha Thapa El Houssaine Bouras Sylvain Poque Andrius Aleliūnas Rita Armoniene Egli Norkevičienė Kristiina Himanen Svante Resjö Qinlin Xiao Ameneh Khani Thomas G. Roitsch Erik Alexandersson Sajeevan R. SivarajanAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Marius Dobbe Klemetsen Otso Turunen Wojchiec Leoniuk Thomas Georges A Bawin Esa Tyystjärvi Laura Jaakola Taina TyystjärviAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Cristina Micheloni Frank Willem Oudshoorn Maria Isabel Blanco Penedo Sari Autio Andrea Beste Jacopo Goracci Matthias Koesling Ursula Kretzschmar Eligio Malusá Maria Dolores Raigon Jiminez Bernhard Speiser Jan van der Blom Felix Wäckers Stéphane Becquet Johanna Döring Nagore Guerra Gorostegi Alessandra TrincheraAbstract
The Expert Group for Technical Advice on Organic Production (EGTOP) was requested to advise on the use of several substances with plant protection or fertilising effects in organic production. The Group discussed whether the use of these substances and methods is in line with the objectives and principles of organic production, and whether they should be included in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2021/11652. Recommendations with respect to Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2021/11652: • The Group recommends authorising calcium carbonate also for plant protection. It should be included in Part 2 of Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2021/11652 with the restriction ‘Only of natural origin’. Recommendations with respect to the production (‘forcing’) of ornamental bulbs and chives on pure water or an allowed growing medium: • The Group recommends authorising the forcing of flower bulbs outside the soil in water or authorised substrates. Point 1.3 of Annex II to Regulation (EU) 2018/8481 as follows : ‘By way of derogation from point 1.1,the following shall be allowed: the obtaining of chicory heads including by dipping in clear water and the forcing of flower bulbs outside the soil in pure water or authorised substrates shall be allowed’. • The Group could not reach a common conclusion regarding the forcing of chives and therefore does not give a recommendation.
Authors
Micheloni, Cristina Oudshoorn, Frank Willem Blanco Penedo, Maria Isabel Autio, Sari Beste, Andrea Goracci, Jacopo Matthias Koesling Kretzschmar, Ursula Malusá, Eligio Speiser, Bernhard van der Blom, Jan Wäckers, Felix Capodieci, Luca Minguito, Pablo Molteni, RobertoAbstract
The Expert Group for Technical Advice on Organic Production (EGTOP) was requested to advise on the use of sulphur dioxide (SO2) in malting during the kilning process in organic production, on ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) as a processing aid for the production of ethyl alcohol of agricultural origin and on sulphuric acid (H2SO4) as a processing aid in the production of organic pea protein. The Group discussed whether the use of these substances is in line with the objectives and principles of organic production and whether they should therefore be included in Annex V, part A of Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2021/11652. The Group recommends the following: • not to include sulphur dioxide as a processing aid in malting; • not to include ammonium hydroxide as a processing aid for the production of ethyl alcohol of agricultural origin; • not to include sulphuric acid as a processing aid in the production of organic pea protein.