Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2015
Authors
Yanliang Wang Marit Almvik Nicholas Clarke Susanne Eich-Greatorex Anne K. Falk Øgaard Tore Krogstad Hans Lambers Jihong Liu ClarkeAbstract
Phosphorus (P) is an important element for crop productivity and is widely applied in fertilizers. Most P fertilizers applied to land are sorbed onto soil particles, so research on improving plant uptake of less easily available P is important. In the current study, we investigated the responses in root morphology and root-exuded organic acids (OAs) to low available P (1 mM P) and sufficient P (50 mM P) in barley, canola and micropropagated seedlings of potato— three important food crops with divergent root traits, using a hydroponic plant growth system.We hypothesized that the dicots canola and tuber-producing potato and the monocot barley would respond differently under various P availabilities. WinRHIZO and liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry results suggested that under low P availability, canola developed longer roots and exhibited the fastest root exudation rate for citric acid. Barley showed a reduction in root length and root surface area and an increase in root-exudedmalic acid under low-P conditions. Potato exuded relativelysmall amounts of OAs under low P, while therewas a marked increase in root tips. Based on the results, we conclude that different crops show divergent morphological and physiological responses to low P availability, having evolved specific traits of root morphology and root exudation that enhance their P-uptake capacity under low-P conditions. These results could underpin future efforts to improve P uptake of the three crops that are of importance for future sustainable crop production.
Authors
Jon Anders Stavang Sabine Freitag Alexandre Foito Susan Verrall Ola M. Heide Derek Stewart Anita SønstebyAbstract
In order to identify the optimal harvest time and monitor changes in raspberry (Rubus idaeus L. cv. Glen Ample) fruit quality during ripening and storage, quality was assessed and compared by physical, chemical and sensory fruit quality criteria. Visual classification of fruit colour according to the Natural Colour System (NCS) chart and by physical measurement of fruit adherence to the receptacle or fruit compression resistance yielded parallel and highly significant results. The light red colour stage corresponding to NCS S code 3060-Y90R was identified as the optimal harvest stage for commercial fresh marketing of the ‘Glen Ample’ cultivar. Fruit harvested at this stage developed the same chemical and sensory qualities as in situ matured fruits and maintained high sensory quality after 8 days of storage in the dark at 2–3 °C. As the fruits mature, the concentration of titratable acids decreases, whereas the concentrations of anthocyanins and the sugar:acid ratio increase in parallel with colour development. While correlation analysis revealed a correlation between sensory traits like sweetness and acidity with sucrose and the sugar:acid ratio, respectively, the overall fruit tastefulness was not strongly correlated with any specific phytochemical component, thus illustrating the complex nature of this sensory trait. Due to its ease of performance, picking raspberry fruits related to a standardised colour chart is recommended for picking raspberry fruits with optimal quality.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Hugo Storm Klaus Mittenzwei Thomas HeckeleiAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Sigmund Hågvar Daniel FløAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Clara Antón-Fernández Robert E. FroeseAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Ricardo Holgado Christer Magnusson Bonsak Hammeraas Irene Rasmussen Kari-Ann Strandenæs Holger Heuer Randi KnudsenAbstract
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Authors
Anders Bryn Hans P. Kristoffersen Michael Angeloff Ingvild Nystuen Linda Aune-Lundberg Dag Terje Filip Endresen Christian Svindseth Yngve RekdalAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
The development of water storage schemes in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is considered a major aid for those regions with unequal water distribution, limited accessibility and anticipated climate change impacts. Great attention is given by many SSA countries to set up different water storage schemes that may improve rural and urban development on a national level. The funding for the water storage schemes is often derived from foreign agencies which conduct feasibility studies for the financing of potential investments. Often however, the feasibility studies rely on a single monetary criterion which may not identify the most appropriate water storage in each case. In addition, limited data availability in many SSA countries increases the difficulty of identifying the most suitable storage option. This paper develops a multicriteria framework for the integrated evaluation of water storage strategies in Sub-Saharan African countries. A set of economic, agronomic and opinion-based criteria are assessed through the PROMETHEE II outranking approach. The introduction of crop modeling complements the limited field data available in agronomic criteria and enhances the scientific rigor of the method. Ethiopia is adopted as a representative case of SSA countries where a diverse set of water storage options is currently under construction, often financed by foreign agencies.