Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2009
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Abstract
Fruit samples of seven sweet cherry cultivars grouped into three different groups of fruit flesh firmness (soft-fruited: 'Ranna Ljaskovska', 'Vista' and 'Sunburst', medium firm: 'Ulster' and 'Sylvia' and firm cultivars: 'Van' and 'Lapins') were harvested over a three week period with 3-4 d intervals prior to, during and after normal harvest time in 1997 and 1998 in Ullensvang, western Norway. Fruit firmness was measured at each harvest date along with measurements of soluble solids content (SSC), air temperature, precipitation and estimation of fruit colour. Corresponding samples picked at normal harvest date were stored in normal air atmosphere at temperatures 2 degrees C and 8 degrees C, respectively, and firmness was measured during storage with 3-5 d intervals. All the tested cultivars reached normal firmness, colour and SSC at harvest both years. Fruit were generally darker in 1998 than in 1997. All cultivars showed a more or less distinct reduction in firmness over the period prior to and slightly after normal harvest. Exceptions were 'Sunburst' in the 1998-season, that increased in firmness after normal harvest date, and the two firmest cultivars that increased in firmness over the ripening period in 1997. Generally, firmness increased during the first part of storage followed by a decrease after 1-2 weeks, the decrease being usually earlier and more distinct at 8 degrees C than at 2 degrees C. 'Van' in 1998 showed no change in firmness development throughout the storage period but a small increase in the last part. 'Lapins' in 1997 had however, a pronounced drop in firmness in the middle of the storage period followed by an increase. All the tested cultivars were more firm at normal harvest time in 1998 than in 1997, except the two firm-fleshed cultivars 'Van' and 'Lapins'. The warm and sunny 1997-summer produced softer fruits than the cold and rainy 1998-season, except for the firm-fleshed cultivars. It was anticipated that the many contradictory results of sweet cherry fruit firmness reported by other authors may be caused by differences in weather conditions as demonstrated.
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Authors
Peder GjerdrumAbstract
The Scots pine is one of the most important raw materials for the wood industry. The pine is straight and strong, and easily preservation treated. The objective of this study was to describe and analyse the accuracy of diameter observations by varying technologies, and to have a first indication for the applicability of RFID tracing logs in the pole industry. Observations were made on barked poles with calliper, 2D scanner and 3D scanner. The local variation in diameter can be indicated by a standard deviation of 3 to 5 mm for repeated observation in almost the same location, and the same magnitude for actual diameter profile deviation from a smoothed profile. In a 3D scanner, the amount of observed data is huge, making it a challenge to analyse, verify and calibrate the equipment. Nevertheless, the accuracy seems acceptable for observations on barked logs. The RFID technology might find uses in permanent applications, but it is still rather work consuming and expensive, and the commercial profit has so far not been identified.
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No abstract has been registered
Authors
Carl Gunnar Fossdal Igor A. Yakovlev Ari M. Hietala Halvor SolheimAbstract
To identify differentially expressed genes of the white-rot fungus Heterobasidion parviporum subtractive cDNA libraries were constructed using suppressive subtraction hybridization (SSH) technique with RNA extracted from an advanced stage of decay area and from colonization front next to the reaction zone of the stem of a mature Norway spruce trees. Besides cytochrome P450s and proteins with unknown function, the SSH libraries constructed contained genes involved in basic cellular processes, andcell wall degradation. To examine the role of selected candidate genes three trees, showing a variable degree of wood decay, were used for real-time RT-PCR profiling of candidate genes. In the decay transition areas the study revealed activity centers that showed remarkable similarity in the transcript profiles of monitored genes.
Abstract
Published data of pH and conductivity in some acid humic waters have shown erroneous corresponding values. This means that the values were not consistent with each other according to well-recognized hydrochemistry. A main questions was arised in this connection. Were the measurements correct and if not which of them were wrong, pH, conductivity or both ? Assessment on basis of calculated and measured conductivity values, by using published data and own measurements, indicate primarily erroneous pH measurements. This makes the scientific papers which are based on these remarkable results partly of questionable value. Conductivity should generally act as a controlling parameter even if the latter also could have some uncertainties.
Authors
Keith MacMillan Solveig Haukeland Robbie Rae Iain Young John Crawford Simona Hapca Michael WilsonAbstract
No abstract has been registered