Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2025
Authors
Daniel Flø Johan A. Stenberg Lawrence Richard Kirkendall Kjetil Klaveness Melby Anders Nielsen Selamawit Tekle Gobena Beatrix Alsanius Jorunn Børve Paal Krokene Christer Magnusson Mogens Nicolaisen Line Nybakken May-Guri Sæthre Iben M. Thomsen Sandra WrightAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Daniel Flø Johan A. Stenberg Kjetil Klaveness Melby Selamawit Tekle Gobena Beatrix Alsanius Jorunn Børve Paal Krokene Christer Magnusson Mogens Nicolaisen Line Nybakken May-Guri Sæthre Iben M. Thomsen Sandra WrightAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Magne Nordang Skårn Chloé Grieu Anne-Grete Roer Hjelkrem Katherine Ann Gredvig Nielsen Silje Kvist Simonsen Nora Steinkopf Anne Kjersti Uhlen Guro BrodalAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Magne Nordang Skårn Chloé Grieu Anne-Grete Roer Hjelkrem Katherine Ann Gredvig Nielsen Silje Kvist Simonsen Nora Steinkopf Anne Kjersti Uhlen Guro BrodalAbstract
Chocolate spot (CS) is one of the most destructive diseases affecting faba beans worldwide, leading to yield reductions of up to 90% in susceptible cultivars under conducive environmental conditions. Traditionally, the disease has been attributed to the fungal pathogens Botrytis fabae and Botrytis cinerea, however recent studies have identified three additional Botrytis species capable of causing the disease. Fungicide applications during flowering are commonly used to control the disease and limit damage to pod set, but this approach is not always effective. The reasons for this lack of control are not fully understood. To increase our understanding of the CS species complex in Norway, we used species-specific PCR to identify different Botrytis species in symptomatic leaves collected at various locations and years. Some Botrytis species are known to be high-risk pathogens for fungicide resistance development, but resistance in Norwegian Botrytis populations in faba bean have not previously been studied. Therefore, we obtained Botrytis isolates from diseased leaves and used a mycelial growth assay to assess their response to the active ingredients (boscalid and pyraclostrobin) in the fungicide commonly used for CS control in Norway. Resistance to both boscalid and pyraclostrobin was detected among B. cinerea isolates, while only resistance to boscalid was detected among B. fabae isolates. To elucidate resistance mechanisms, we analyzed target gene sequences for the presence of mutations known to confer resistance to the two active ingredients. Field experiments were conducted to test the efficacy of various spray timings and fungicides in early and late faba bean varieties. Additionally, we are developing a disease risk model for CS to better understand the conditions that lead to disease and to improve the timing of fungicide applications.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
Sweet cherry fruit in Norway is sold to the domestic market for fresh consumption. Gradually the self-fertile and high yielding cultivar ‘Lapins’ has become dominant and in the 2024 season, cv. Lapins made up 60% of the total sweet cherry volume. The production of sweet cherry in Norway is located around three main packinghouses with minor to no differences in ripening time dependent on the weather conditions of the year. Situations with too much fruit on the market at the same time have been experienced, and fruit with a longer possible distribution time have been demanded from the packinghouses. In postharvest experiments, deliveries to the same packinghouse the same day exposed to exactly the same treatments were compared and differed in fungal decay from less than 5% to 60% after simulated shelf life. The dominating fungal decay was Mucor rot and grey mold. The risk of fungal decay pre- and postharvest on fruit grown in a humid climate (500 to 1700 mm annual precipitation) increases with high humidity under the plastic cover, with fruit-to-fruit contact in clusters, with incidence of non-developing or damaged fruit, and with minimal effect of the plant protection program. In order to improve the market situation in Norway, postharvest treatments alone are probably not enough. A holistic approach is needed through introduction of new cultivars with high yield potential that ripen over a longer period of time and are thoroughly tested in real scale experiments simulating distribution. A major challenge will be how to motivate growers to plant cultivars with potentially less income than possible with the self-fertile, high yielding cv. ‘Lapins’.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Jarkko Hantula Malin Elfstrand Anne-Maarit Hekkala Ari Hietala Juha Honkaniemi Maartje Klapwijk Matti Koivula Juho Matala Jonas Rönnberg Juha Siitonen Fredrik WidemoAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Alexey Mikaberidze Christian Cruz Ayalsew Zerihun Abel Barreto Pieter S. Beck Rocío Calderón Carlos Camino Rebecca Campbell Stephanie Delalieux Frederic Fabre Elin Falla Stuart Fraser Kaitlin Gold Carlos Gongora-Canul Frédéric Hamelin Dalphy Ondine Camira Harteveld Cheng-Fang Hong Melen Leclerc Da-Young Lee Murillo Lobo Jr Anne-Katrin Mahlein Emily McLay Paul Melloy Stephen Parnell Uwe Rascher Jack Rich Irene Sarlotti Samuel Soubeyrand Susie Sprague Antony Surano Sandhya Takooree Thomas Taylor Suzanne Touzeau Pablo Zarco-Tejada Nik CunniffeAbstract
Plant diseases impair yield and quality of crops and threaten the health of natural plant communities. Epidemiological models can predict disease and inform management. However, data are scarce, since traditional methods to measure plant diseases are resource intensive and this often limits model performance. Optical sensing offers a methodology to acquire detailed data on plant diseases across various spatial and temporal scales. Key technologies include multispectral, hyperspectral and thermal imaging, and light detection and ranging; the associated sensors can be installed on ground-based platforms, uncrewed aerial vehicles, aeroplanes and satellites. However, despite enormous potential for synergy, optical sensing and epidemiological modelling have rarely been integrated. To address this gap, we first review the state-of-the-art to develop a common language accessible to both research communities. We then explore the opportunities and challenges in combining optical sensing with epidemiological modelling. We discuss how optical sensing can inform epidemiological modelling by improving model selection and parameterisation and providing accurate maps of host plants. Epidemiological modelling can inform optical sensing by boosting measurement accuracy, improving data interpretation and optimising sensor deployment. We consider outstanding challenges in: A) identifying particular diseases; B) data availability, quality and resolution, C) linking optical sensing and epidemiological modelling, and D) emerging diseases. We conclude with recommendations to motivate and shape research and practice in both fields. Among other suggestions, we propose to standardise methods and protocols for optical sensing of plant health and develop open access databases including both optical sensing data and epidemiological models to foster cross-disciplinary work.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered