Morten Rasmussen
Seniorrådgiver
Forfattere
Nina Svartedal Anna Caroline Holene Kjersti Bakkebø Fjellstad Morten Rasmussen Hanne Gro WallinSammendrag
Rapporten gir oversikt over status for bevaringsverdige husdyr, skogtrær og kulturplanter i Norge for 2019. Sentrale begreper i genressursarbeidet for husdyr, planter og skogtrær er definert og forklart. For de bevaringsverdige husdyrrasene viser rapporten utviklingen over flere år for storfe, sau, kystgeit og hest og utviklingen av roduksjonstilskuddsordningen for bevaringsverdige husdyrraser. Det er drøyt 30 arter av naturlig hjemmehørende skogtrær i Norge. Rapporten gir oversikt over hva vi har av informasjon om deres genetiske diversitet og bevaringsbehov samt bruk. Flere av disse artene finnes i ulike evaringsområder spredd over hele landet. Bevaring av vegetativt formerte plantegenetiske ressurser skjer i feltgenbanker i såkalte klonarkiv. Rapporten viser hvor disse ligger i landet og hva som er bevart i slike klonarkiv. Rapporten viser også bruksomfanget av norsk plantemateriale, enten det er nyutviklede sorter i kommersiell bruk eller sorter som er hentet fra ulike genbanker.
Forfattere
Heli Fitzgerald Anna Palmé Åsmund Asdal Dag Terje Filip Endresen Elina Kiviharju Birgitte Lund Morten Rasmussen Hjörtur Thorbjörnsson Jens WeibullSammendrag
Crop wild relatives (CWR) can provide one solution to future challenges on food security, sustainable agriculture and adaptation to climate change. Diversity found in CWR can be essential for adapting crops to these new demands. Since the need to improve in situ conservation of CWR has been recognized by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) (2010) and the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (2011–2020), it is important to develop ways to safeguard these important genetic resources. The Nordic flora includes many species related to food, forage and other crop groups, but little has been done to systematically secure these important wild resources. A Nordic regional approach to CWR conservation planning provided opportunities to network, find synergies, share knowledge, plan the conservation and give policy inputs on a regional level. A comprehensive CWR checklist for the Nordic region was generated and then prioritized by socio-economic value and utilization potential. Nordic CWR checklist was formed of 2553 taxa related to crop plants. Out of these, 114 taxa including 83 species were prioritized representing vegetable, cereal, fruit, berry, nut and forage crop groups. The in situ conservation planning of the priority CWR included ecogeographic and complementarity analyses to identify a potential network of genetic reserve sites in the region. Altogether 971,633 occurrence records of the priority species were analysed. A minimum number of sites within and outside existing conservation areas were identified that had the potential to support a maximum number of target species of maximum intraspecific diversity.
Forfattere
Min-Rui Wang Zhibo Hamborg Sissel Haugslien Astrid Sivertsen Morten Rasmussen Qiaochun Wang Dag-Ragnar BlystadSammendrag
Shallot (Allium cepa var. aggregatum) is an important vegetable crop belonging to the genus Allium. The present study attempted to develop an efficient droplet-vitrification cryopreservation method for shallot ‘10603’ shoot tips. In vitro stock shoots were maintained on Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium (MS) supplemented with 30 g L-1 sucrose, 0.5 mg L-1 BAP, 0.1 mg L-1 NAA and 8 g L-1 agar (pH=5.8). Shoot tips (2.0-3.0 mm in length) were excised from 4-week-old stock shoots and stepwise precultured with increased sucrose concentrations from 0.3 to 0.5 M, each concentration for 1 day. The precultured shoot tips were then loaded for 20 min with a solution composed of 2 M glycerol and 0.5 M sucrose, before exposure to PVS3 for 3 h at room temperature. Dehydrated shoot tips were transferred onto aluminum foils (2×0.8 cm), prior to direct immersion into liquid nitrogen (LN) for cryostorage. For thawing, frozen aluminum foils were moved from LN and immediately transferred into unloading solution composed of liquid MS containing 1.2 M sucrose. After incubation at room temperature for 20 min, shoot tips were post-cultured on solidified MS medium containing 0.3 M sucrose for 2 days and then transferred onto a recovery medium for shoot regrowth. With this procedure, 94% shoot tips survived, and 58% shoot tips regenerated into shoots following cryopreservation.