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DrainMod - NII

Fig4_1

Source: Moursi et al, 2022

Research model - DRAINMOD

 

DRAINMOD is a computer simulation model developed by Dr.Wayne Skaggs at the Department of Biological & Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC in 1980. The model simulates the hydrology of poorly drained, high water table soils on an hour-by-hour, day-by-day basis for long periods of climatological record (e.g. 50 years). The model predicts the effects of drainage and associated water management practices on water table depths, the soil water regime and crop yields.

 

Basic specification of the model:

Name of model

DrainMod-NII

About the model

 

Purpose of model

Drainage systems design

Developer

North Carolina State University, USA, 1980

https://www.bae.ncsu.edu/agricultural-water-management/drainmod/

Scale

 

Spatial

1D/semi 2D profile

Temporal

Daily (hourly)

Process description

 

Model type

Process based

Heat

Yes

Interception

No

Snow dynamics

Yes, based on temperature

Infiltration & water flow

Yes, Green-Ampt infiltration

Frozen soil

Yes, both heat and water affected

Surface runoff

Yes, Hortonian and saturation excess

Crop growth

No, but relative yields can be calculated. Can be coupled with other models (DRAINMOD-DSSAT, DRAINMOD-GRASS).

Macropore flow

No

Nitrogen transport

Yes, to air and water

Evapotranspiration

Yes

Phosphorus transport

No

Artificial drainage

Yes

Particle transport

No

Percolation

Yes

Pesticide transport

No

Other

-

 

Publications

Abstract

The Skuterud catchment is a small artificially drained agricultural catchment, located in south eastern Norway. The total area of the catchment is 4.5 km2 of which agriculture covers 2.7 km2, forest 1.3 km2 while the rest is occupied by urban area. The main agricultural crops are wheat, barley and oat. The climate is cold temperate continental or subarctic with a winter season, lasting from November -March and characterized by periods with below-zero temperatures and a varying degree of snow cover, interchanged with thaw periods combined with precipitation and runoff. In Norway, melt water, causing surface runoff, is one of the most serious reasons for erosion, in addition to near-saturated soil moisture conditions after longer periods with rainfall during the autumn. Climate change can potentially lead to an increase in the number of freeze/thaw cycles which in addition to the predicted increase in precipitation during the period after the growing season from September - April, might lead to an increase in both the amount of runoff and its intensity, with subsequent adverse effects on erosion and nutrient loss. Models are indispensable tools in the prediction of climate change effects on runoff generation. In this respect, the Drainmod model has been tested on the Skuterud catchment concerning its ability to predict runoff from an artificially drained agricultural catchment under prevailing winter conditions. The results are presented in this paper. If proven successful, the model can be used to predict the long term hydrologic impacts of climate change for the Norwegian conditions