Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2012
Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of anatomical and ecological aspects of resin-based defences in pines and contrasts the defence strategy of pines with that of other conifers. The main constituents of conifer resin are mono- and diterpenes in about equal amounts, with smaller amounts of sesquiterpenes. Resin production and storage represent a great cost for the trees, and because resin is both chemically toxic and physically deterring to insects and pathogens it has long been considered an important defence mechanism in conifers. Preformed or constitutive resin structures are present in pines and all other members of the pine family, but are generally absent in non-Pinaceae species. Resin stored under pressure in constitutive ducts flows out when a tree is injured and helps trapping or repelling invading organisms and sealing the wound. Pines have constitutive resin ducts in needles, phloem and xylem. In the phloem and xylem constitutive resin ducts are oriented both radially (within the radial rays) and axially in the form of cortical resin ducts in the outer phloem and constitutive resin ducts in the xylem. Numerous connections between the radial resin ducts and the axial resin ducts in the xylem create a large inter-connected resin reservoir. In addition, so-called traumatic resin ducts can be induced axially in the xylem in response to wounding, insect attack or other biotic and abiotic stresses. Traumatic resin ducts may contribute to so-called acquired or systemic induced resistance that increases tree resistance to future attacks.
Authors
Daniel RasseAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Grete H. M. JørgensenAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Celine ReboursAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
Residues of pharmaceuticals present in wastewater and sewage sludge are of concern due to their transfer to aquatic- and terrestrial food chains and possible adverse effects on non-targeted organisms. In the present work, uptake and translocation of metformin, an anti-diabetic II medicine, by edible plant species cultivated in agricultural soil has been investigated in greenhouse experiment. Metformin demonstrated a high uptake and translocation to oily seeds of rape (Brassica napus cv. Sheik and Brassica rapa cv. Valo). Expressed as an average bioconcentration factor, (BCF, plant concentration over initial concentration in soil, both in dry weight), BCF as high as 21.72 was measured. In comparison, BCFs for grains of the cereals wheat, barley and oat were in the range of 0.29 - 1.35. Uptake and translocation to fruits and vegetables of tomato (BCFs 0.02-0.06), squash (BCFs 0.12-0.18) and bean (BCF 0.88) were also low compared to rape. BCFs for carrot, potato and leaf forage Brassica napus cv. Sola were similar (BCF 1-4). Guanylurea, a known degradation product of metformin by microorganisms in activated sludge, was found in seeds from barley, beans and potatoes. The mechanisms for transport of metformin and guanidine in plants are still unknown, whereas organic cation transporters (OCTs) in mammals are known to actively transport such compounds and may guide the way for further understanding of mechanisms also in plants.
Authors
May Sæthre Ignace Godonou Trond Hofsvang Ghislain Tchoromi Tepa-Yotto Braima JamesAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Arne StensvandAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Julian Sauterleute Eva Skarbøvik Tor Haakon Bakken Helene Egeland Atle Harby Per Stålnacke Nagothu Udaya Sekhar K. Palanisami Krishna K Reddy K GosainAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Marco TasinAbstract
No abstract has been registered