Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2018
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Wild berries are abundant in phytochemicals that consists primarily of flavonoids, carotenoids and some related polyphenolic compounds that accumulates in skin and flesh of the fruit. These compounds are key contributors for nutritional composition of fruits with anti-oxidant capacity. Anthocyanins, one of the most conspicuous classes of flavonoids together with proanthocyanidins and their derivatives are important plant pigments responsible for the red, pink, purple, and blue colors in plants. The berries from northern latitudes are found to contain more phytochemicals with antioxidant capacity than southern clones. It is mainly due to the environmental conditions of northern hemisphere and genetic adaptation that favors higher accumulation of bioactive metabolites. Phenylpropanoid pathway is the major key regulatory system for most of the bioactive compounds including anthocyanins which itself synthesized via a branch called the flavanoid pathway. Abiotic factors, such as temperature, photoperiodism, light quality & quantity has a major role in biosynthesis and regulation mechanisms. It is usually mediated by MBW complex (R2R3 MYBs, bHLH and WD 40 repeat proteins). The present study is focused on bridging the gap between environmental cues in regulation of the biosynthesis in two non-climacteric berry species, wild bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) and woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca) with response to different light conditions. Our preliminary results has shown that red and blue wavelengths are positively upregulating the anthocyanin accumulation during early to late ripening stages of bilberry. Active participation in this Nordplant kickoff meeting will help me to promote my research work and get feedbacks and suggestions among my fellow plant researchers from Nordic countries and partner institutions. It can also help me to improve my knowledge on high throughput phenotyping techniques from the talks and by visiting the cutting edge facilities and infrastructures at University of Helsinki, which can also be applied in this PhD project at later stages.
Authors
Shota Masumoto Motoaki Tojo Satoshi Imura Maria-Luz Herrero Masaki UchidaAbstract
The parasitic fungus Rhytisma polare is a common parasite on leaves of the polar willow (Salix polaris) in the high-Arctic polar semi-desert of Spitsbergen, Norway. Because Rhytisma spp. generally requires saturation with free water to develop ascospores, it is unclear how R. polare has ecologically adapted to the Arctic desert, where such water is very limited. In this study, the response of R. polare to diferent water conditions on Spitsbergen was investigated during the summer months of June–August in 2012. Field and laboratory experiments demonstrated that free water availability from rainfall or snowmelt is essential to facilitate ascostromal maturation and ascospore dispersal in R. polare. The feld experiments also revealed that the dispersal of ascospores produced on fallen leaves did not extend beyond a few meters. These results suggest that the free water requirement combined with the short spore-dispersal distance constrains the local occurrence of R. polare in the Arctic desert to locations where free water from rainfall and snowmelt is present.
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Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau Marie Massot Maude Toïgo Tania Fort Ayse Gülden Aday Kaya Johanna Boberg Uwe Braun Xavier Capdevielle Thomas Cech Anne Chandelier Petya Christova Tamara Corcobado Tugba Dogmus Cyril Dutech Olivier Fabreguettes Julie Faivre d'Arcier Andrin Gross Marilia Horta Jung Eugenia Iturritxa Thomas Jung Corina Junker Levente Kiss Kaloyan Kostov Asko Lehtijarvi Aneta Lyubenova Benoit Marçais Jonas Oliva Funda Oskay Martin Pastirčák Katarína Pastircakova Dominique Piou Gilles Saint-Jean Arnaud Sallafranque Slavtcho Slavov Jan Stenlid Venche Talgø Susumu Takamatsu Ayco JM. TackAbstract
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Stefano PulitiAbstract
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Stefano PulitiAbstract
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Stefano PulitiAbstract
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Florencia A. Yannelli Gerhard Karrer Rea Hall Johannes Kollmann Tina HegerAbstract
Question Disturbed areas offer great opportunities for restoring native biodiversity, but they are also prone to invasion by alien plants. Following the limiting similarity hypothesis, we address the question of whether or not similarity of plant functional traits helps developing seed mixtures of native communities with high resistance to invasive species at an early stage of restoration. Location Centre of Greenhouses and Laboratories Dürnast, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany. Methods Using a system of linear equations, we designed native communities maximizing the similarity between the native and two invasive species according to ten functional traits. We used native grassland plants, two invasive alien species that are often problematic in disturbed areas (i.e., Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Solidago gigantea) and trait information obtained from databases. The two communities were then tested for resistance against establishment of the two invaders separately in a greenhouse experiment. We measured height of the invasive species and above‐ground biomass, along with leaf area index, 4 and 8 months after sowing respectively. Results Both invasive species were successfully reduced by the native community designed to suppress S. gigantea dominated by small‐seeded species. These results could be considered as partial support for the limiting similarity hypothesis. However, given the success of this mixture against both invasive species, suppression was better explained by a seed density effect resulting from the smaller seed mass of the native species included in this mixture. Further, the dominance of a fast‐developing competitive species could also contribute to its success. Conclusions There was no unequivocal support for the limiting similarity hypothesis in terms of the traits selected. Instead we found that increasing seeding density of native species and selecting species with a fast vegetative development is an effective way to suppress invasive plants during early stages of restoration. If limiting similarity is used to design communities for restoration, early life‐history traits should be taken into account.
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