Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2025
Abstract
This article presents a novel, ultralight tree planting mechanism for use on an aerial vehicle. Current tree planting operations are typically performed manually, and existing automated solutions use large land-based vehicles or excavators which cause significant site damage and are limited to open, clear-cut plots. Our device uses a high-pressure compressed air power system and a novel double-telescoping design to achieve a weight of only 8 kg: well within the payload capacity of medium to large drones. This article describes the functionality and key components of the device and validates its feasibility through experimental testing. We propose this mechanism as a cost-effective, highly scalable solution that avoids ground damage, produces minimal emissions, and can operate equally well on open clear-cut sites as in denser, selectively-harvested forests.
Authors
Anne MuolaAbstract
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Lucas K. Johnson Zhiqiang Yang Angela Erb Ryan Bright Grant M. Domke Tracey S. Frescino Crystal B. Schaaf Sean P. HealeyAbstract
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Authors
Jari Hynynen Narayanan Subramanian Clara Antón Fernandéz Soili Haikarainen Emma Holmström Micky Allen Saija Huuskonen Jouni Siipilehto Hannu Salminen Mika Lehtonen Kjell Andreassen Urban NilssonAbstract
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Authors
Andreas Hagenbo Lise Dalsgaard Marius Hauglin Stephanie Eisner Line Tau Strand O. Janne KjønaasAbstract
Boreal forest soils are a critical terrestrial carbon (C) reservoir, with soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks playing a key role in global C cycling. In this study, we generated high-resolution (16 m) spatial predictions of SOC stocks in Norwegian forests for three depth intervals: (1) soil surface down to 100 cm depth, (2) forest floor (LFH layer), and (3) 0–30 cm into the mineral soil. Our predictions were based on legacy soil data collected between 1988 and 1992 from a subset (n = 1014) of National Forest Inventory plots. We used boosted regression tree models to generate SOC estimates, incorporating environmental predictors such as land cover, site moisture, climate, and remote sensing data. Based on the resulting maps, we estimate total SOC stocks of 1.57–1.87 Pg C down to 100 cm, with 0.55–0.66 Pg C stored in the LFH layer and 0.68–0.80 Pg C in the upper mineral soil. These correspond to average SOC densities of 15.3, 5.4, and 6.6 kg C m−2, respectively. We compared the predictive performance of these models with another set, supplemented by soil chemistry variables. These models showed higher predictive performance (R2 = 0.65–0.71) than those used for mapping (R2 = 0.44–0.58), suggesting that the mapping models did not fully capture environmental variability influencing SOC stock distributions. Within the spatial predictive models, Sentinel-2 Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, depth to water table, and slope contributed strongly, while soil nitrogen and manganese concentrations had major roles in models incorporating soil chemistry. Prediction uncertainties were related to soil depth, soil types, and geographical regions, and we compared the spatial prediction against external SOC data. The generated maps of this offer a valuable starting point for identifying forest areas in Norway where SOC may be vulnerable to climate warming and management-related disturbances, with implications for soil CO2 emissions.
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Abstract
Many countries have goals to reduce soil sealing of agricultural land to preserve food production capacity. To monitor progress, reliable data are needed to quantify soil sealing and changes over time. We examined the potential of the Imperviousness Classified Change (IMCC) 2015–2018 product provided by the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service (CLMS) to assess soil sealing in agricultural areas in Poland and Norway. We found very high overall accuracy due to the dominance of the area with no change. When we focused on areas classified as change, we found low user accuracy, with over-estimation of soil sealing. The producer accuracy was generally much higher, meaning that real cases of soil sealing were captured. This is better than under-estimation of soil sealing because it highlights areas where sealing may have occurred, allowing the user to carry out further control of this much smaller area, without having to assess the great expanse of unchanged area. We concluded that the datasets provide useful information for Europe. They are standardized and comparable across countries, which can enable comparison of the effects of policies intended to prevent soil sealing. Some distinctions between classes are not reliable, but the general information about increase or decrease is useful.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered