Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2020
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
Global economic value of agriculture production resulting from animal pollination services has been estimated to be $235–$577 billion. This estimate is based on quantification of crops that are available at the global markets, and mainly originates from countries with precise information about quantities of agriculture production, exports, and imports. In contrast, knowledge about the contribution of pollinators to household food and income in small-scale farming at local and regional scales is still lacking, especially for developing countries where the availability of agricultural statistics is limited. Although the global decline in pollinator diversity and abundance has received much attention, relatively little effort has been directed towards understanding the role of pollinators in small-scale farming systems, which feed a substantial part of the world’s population. Here, we have assessed how local farmers in northern Tanzania depend on insect-pollinated crops for household food and income, and to what extent farmers are aware of the importance of insect pollinators and how they can conserve them. Our results show that local farmers in northern Tanzania derived their food and income from a wide range of crop plants, and that 67% of these crops depend on animal pollination to a moderate to essential degree. We also found that watermelon—for which pollination by insects is essential for yield—on average contributed nearly 25% of household income, and that watermelons were grown by 63% of the farmers. Our findings indicate that local farmers can increase their yields from animal pollinated crops by adopting more pollinator-friendly farming practices. Yet, we found that local farmers’ awareness of pollinators, and the ecosystem service they provide, was extremely low, and intentional actions to conserve or manage them were generally lacking. We therefore urge agriculture authorities in Tanzania to act to ensure that local farmers become aware of insect pollinators and their important role in agriculture production.
Abstract
Denne rapporten er en litteratursammenstilling over tap av suspendert stoff, fosfor og nitrogen fra arealer med hhv. jordbruk og skog/utmark. I tillegg er det gjort en vurdering av tilsvarende tap i perioden der nydyrking gjennomføres. I de norske studiene som er gjennomgått er gjennomsnittlige tap av nitrogen 17 ganger høyere fra jordbruk enn fra skog. Tilsvarende er fosfortap 56 ganger høyere og tap av suspendert stoff 106 ganger høyere fra jordbruk enn fra skog.
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No abstract has been registered
Authors
Knut-Erik Tollefsen Guri Sogn Andersen Merete Grung Marit Hauken Sophie Mentzel S. Jannicke Moe Karina Petersen You Song Raoul Wolf Li Xie Marianne StenrødAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
N. Katsoulas Anne-Kristin Løes D. Andrivon G. Cirvilleri M. de Cara A. Kir L. Knebl K. Malińska F. W. Oudshoorn H. Willer U. SchmutzAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Hanno Sandvik Olga Hilmo Snorre Henriksen Reidar Elven Per Arvid Åsen Hanne Hegre Oddvar Pedersen Per Anker Pedersen Heidi Solstad Vigdis Vandvik Kristine Bakke Westergaard Frode Ødegaard Sandra Charlotte Helene Åström Hallvard Elven Anders Endrestøl Øivind Gammelmo Bjørn Arild Hatteland Halvor Solheim Björn Nordén Leif Sundheim Venche Talgø Tone Falkenhaug Bjørn Gulliksen Anders Jelmert Eivind Oug Jan Henry Sundet Elisabet Forsgren Anders Gravbrøt Finstad Trygve H. Hesthagen Kjell Harald Nedreaas Rupert Wienerroither Vivian Husa Stein Fredriksen Kjersti Sjøtun Henning Steen Haakon Hansen Inger Sofie Hamnes Egil Karlsbakk Christer Magnusson Bjørnar Ytrehus Hans Christian Pedersen Jon Swenson Per Ole Syvertsen Bård Gunnar Stokke Jan Ove Gjershaug Dag Dolmen Gaute Kjærstad Stein Ivar Johnsen Thomas Correll Jensen Kristian Hassel Lisbeth GederaasAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
This article presents input data and procedures used to estimate costs of producing grass-clover silages under Norwegian farming conditions. Data of yield, botanical composition and forage quality of the grass crop were derived from a field experiment comparing a three-cut system, harvested at early crop maturity stages producing highly digestible forages, and a two-cut system returning higher herbage yields of medium digestibility. Secondary data on prices of specific inputs were also provided. The data presented here can be used by advisors and farmers as a decision support tool for assessing and comparing costs of different ways of producing silage. Cost estimates of home-grown forages are also needed in bioeconomic evaluations of grassland production and utilization by researchers. The data presented is related to the research article entitled: “Technical and economic performance of alternative feeds in dairy and pig production” [1].