Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2023
Authors
Sofia Junttila Jonas Ardö Zhanzhang Cai Hongxiao Jin Natascha Kljun Leif Klemedtsson Alisa Krasnova Holger Lange Anders Lindroth Meelis Mölder Steffen M. Noe Torbern Tagesson Patrik Vestin Per Weslien Lars EklundhAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Lampros LamprinakisAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Alejandro Belanche Alexander N. Hristov Henk J. van Lingen Stuart E. Denman Ermias Kebreab Angela Dagmar Schwarm Michael Kreuzer Mutian Niu Maguy Eugène Vincent Niderkorn Cécile Martin Harry Archimede Mark McGee Christopher K. Reynolds Les A. Crompton Ali Reza Bayat Zhongtang Yu André Bannink Jan Dijkstra Alex V. Chaves Harry Clark Stefan Muetzel Vibeke Lind Jon M. Moorby John A. Rooke Aurelie Aubry Walter Antezana Min Wang Roger Hegarty V. Hutton Oddy Julian Hill Philip E Vercoe Jean Victor Savian Adibe Luiz Abdalla Yosra A. Soltan Alda Lucia Gomes Monteiro Juan Carlos Ku-Vera Gustavo Jaurena Carlos A. Gomez-Bravo Olga L. Mayorga Guilhermo F.S. Congio David R. Yáñez-RuízAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
The maturity stage of carrot and the temperature strategy during storage are essential factors in maintaining storage quality during long-term storage. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of maturity and storage strategy on storage quality in different cultivars of carrot (Daucus carota subsp. sativus). Two cultivars, ‘Nominator’ and ‘Romance’, harvested at three different maturity levels were stored with different temperature strategies in small-scale experimental stores. The different maturity levels were obtained by different sowing dates. The study was conducted over 2 years and storage seasons in 2019-2020 and 2020-2021. The carrots were stored with three different temperature strategies with stable temperature at 0, 2 or 0°C interrupted with intervals of 2 weeks with 4°C in February and in March. After six-months storage we found that weight loss was higher (7.8%) after storage when the temperature was not stable during storage (fluctuations up to 4°C in February and March) than at stable temperatures at 0 or 2°C. The number of healthy roots after storage was highest in the most mature carrots (91%) while there were less healthy roots in the least mature roots (85%) (P<0.05). Diseases detected after storage were gray mold (Botrytis cinerea), liquorice rot (Mycocentrospora acerina), tip rot, crater rot (Fibularhizoctonia carotae), Fusarium rot (Fusarium spp.) and cavity spot (Pythium spp.). There was significantly more liquorice rot in Nominator (1.9%) than in Romance (0.6%). There was more tip rot in the least mature carrots (3.3%) compared to the other two maturity levels (1.3 and 1.5%).
Authors
Kannan Mohan Palanivel Sathishkumar Durairaj Karthick Rajan Jayakumar Rajarajeswaran Abirami Ramu GanesanAbstract
Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) Hermetia illucens is fastest growing and most promising insect species especially recommended to bring high-fat content as 5th generation bioenergy. The fat content can be fully optimized during the life-cycle of the BSFL through various organic dietary supplements and environmental conditions. Enriched fat can be obtained during the larval stages of the BSF. The presence of high saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in their body helps to produce 70 % of extractable oil which can be converted into biodiesel through transesterification. The first-generation biodiesel process mainly depends on catalytic transesterification, however, BSFL had 94 % of biodiesel production through non-catalytic transesterification. This increases the sustainability of producing biodiesel with less energy input in the process line. Other carbon emitting factors involved in the rearing of BSFL are less than the other biodiesel feedstocks including microalgae, cooking oil, and non-edible oil. Therefore, this review is focused on evaluating the optimum dietary source to produce fatty acid rich larvae and larval growth to accumulate C16–18 fatty acids in larger amounts from agro food waste. The process of optimization and biorefining of lipids using novel techniques have been discussed herein. The sustainability impact was evaluated from the cultivation to biodiesel conversion with greenhouse gas emissions scores in the entire life-cycle of process flow. The state-of-the-art in connecting circular bioeconomy loop in the search for bioenergy was meticulously covered.
Abstract
Carrot is the main field vegetable in Norway and is stored at 0-1°C for up to 8 months. In long-stored carrots, postharvest diseases are problematic. Better knowledge of the causal agents of postharvest diseases can help producers apply appropriate control measures to reduce carrot loss and waste. The objectives of this study were to determine the extent of the tip rot problem and the prevalence of other storage diseases of carrots in different regions in Norway. The study was conducted from 2019 to 2021 by collecting carrots from 16 commercial cold storages, representing four regions. From each storage, representative carrots were randomly sampled, washed, and sorted into different disease categories and healthy carrots. Representative samples from each category were further analyzed in the NIBIO laboratory to identify the causal agent(s) and confirm the disease. Causal agent(s) were identified by symptom and sign description, microscopy and when necessary, DNA sequencing. One or more pathogens were identified from each symptomatic carrot. The incidence of postharvest diseases significantly varied among regions. Taking all years and regions together, only 42% of the carrots were healthy. In other words, 58% of the carrots were with one or more diseases, representing a waste due to diseases alone. Tip rot alone contributed to about 30% of the postharvest loss. Our results indicate that the burden of postharvest diseases of carrots is increasing. This includes diseases like tip rot disease complex, Cylindrocarpon root rot and cavity spot. The results are useful to direct research investigation of the most problematic diseases. Most of the post-harvest diseases of carrots are the result of latent infections that occur in the field, and stress during handling, storage, and processing operations. Hence, postharvest disease control measures should consider the pre-and postharvest predisposing factors of carrots for storage rot.
2022
Authors
Brigitta Szabó János Mészáros Piroska Kassai Péter Braun Attila Nemes Csilla Farkas Natalja Cerkasova Federica Monaco Enrico Antonio Chiaradia Felix WitingAbstract
An important aim of the OPTAIN project is to derive missing information on necessary model input variables in a harmonized way to allow for a sound cross-case study assessment of NSWRM effectiveness. Therefore, in this report we provide approaches applicable for all OPTAIN case studies (CS) to fill data gaps. The specific objective of OPTAINs task 3.3 was to provide methods to cover missing input data that is required for the environmental modelling and socio-economic analysis. The deliverable includes guidelines with detailed explanations about the derivation of missing data for the CS leaders. Based on the information provided by CS leaders in the OPTAIN milestone “MS7 Data inventory of input data for integrated modelling collected from all case studies”, the following information had to be covered by approaches provided by WP3 to fulfil the input requirements of the models and analysis: 1) soil phosphorus content, 2) effective bulk density, 3) moist soil albedo of the top layer, 4) USLE soil erodibility (K) factor, 5) available water capacity, 6) saturated hydraulic conductivity, 7) time series crop data. The mapping of soil phosphorus content is based on the LUCAS topsoil dataset. During the mapping the geometric mean phosphorus content by land use types – characteristic for the region of the CS – is applied. Further required data are the LUCAS Land Use / Cover Area Frame Survey, European agro-climate zone map and the land use or land cover map of the CS – a local one, if available. For the calculation of soil physical and hydraulic properties we apply methods available from the literature. The derivation of crop maps is based on remote sensing data. A crop classification model was trained on the cropland data of the LUCAS Land Use / Cover Area Frame Survey of the years 2015 and 2018, merged with the Sentinel-1A and -1B satellite radar images. The pixel based crop classification was carried out with a random forest algorithm on the Google Earth Engine platform. The method can be applied for 2015 and all following years. By adding a map of field boundaries, the pixel based crop prediction can be aggregated to field level using the majority of the predicted crop. Regarding the socio-economic data, missing information is planned to be covered from official statistics. The EU database does not account properly for the Norwegian and Swiss sites, therefore required data will be retrieved ex novo from local sources or literature.
Authors
Čerkasova, Natalja Nemes, Attila Szabó, Brigitta Idzelytė, Rasa Cüceloğlu, Gökhan Mészáros, János Kassai, Piroska Moritz Shore Csilla Farkas Czelnai, LeventeAbstract
Deliverable report D3.3 of the EU Horizon 2020 Project OPTAIN (Grant agreement No. 862756) Description of the pre-processing scripts and routines for the harmonisation of the data to be used as input, adapted to the needs of the modelling approaches. Summary The OPTAIN project aims to identify efficient measures for the retention and reuse of water and nutrients (NSWRM - Natural/Small Water Retention Measures) in small agricultural catchments based on empirical data and scale-adapted integrated modelling approaches. The project involves international partners with case study sites in 14 small agricultural catchments (including one cross-border), all having different data availability, measurement protocols, data handling policies and formats. Based on the agreed data harmonisation procedures within the OPTAIN project, this deliverable D3.3 provides data pre-processors for input data restructuring to overcome the aforementioned differences among the partners. The projects’ case study leaders collected the input data necessary for the modelling tasks structured according to the derived guidelines. Available input information from different sources (both national and global or European scale) and formats had to be harmonised and standardised where relevant and reasonable. Pre-processing tools have been developed, which were used for data compilation and reformatting of the input data in line with the needs of basin-scale (SWAT+) and the field scale (SWAP) modelling approaches. Freely available and distributable software, programming languages, and technologies (Python, R, JavaScript) were used for these tasks.
Authors
Michael Strauch Christoph Schürz Natalja Cerkasova Svajūnas Plungė Mikołaj Piniewski Csilla Farkas Petr Fučík Brigitta Toth (Szabó) Štěpán Marval, Attila Nemes Felix Witing Martin VolkAbstract
Natural/Small Water Retention Measures (NSWRMs) can help to mitigate conflicts among agricultural water uses and other human and environmental demands for water. Moreover, they can significantly contribute to an improved water quality and more resilient agriculture. Despite the existing comprehensive set of techniques to increase water and nutrient retention on both catchment and farm levels, knowledge is still lacking on the effectiveness of different scale- and region-specific measures across various soil climatic regions and agricultural systems, especially under changing climate conditions. The EU Horizon 2020 project OPTAIN aims to (i) identify efficient techniques for the retention and reuse of water and nutrients in small agricultural catchments across different biogeographical regions of Europe, and - in close cooperation with local actors - (ii) select NSWRMs at farm and catchment level and optimize their spatial allocation and combination based on environmental and economic sustainability indicators. All gained knowledge will be translated into a Learning Environment allowing analysis of trade-offs and synergies between multiple values/goals in the management and design of NSWRMs. The presentation will discuss the flow of the project that comprises of: a) the establishment of Multi-Actor Reference Groups in each case study, b) identifying and documenting NSWRMs and its potentials and constraints, c) modelling the environmental (SWAT+ for the catchment scale and SWAP (Soil Water Atmosphere Plant) for the field-scale) and socio-economic performance of NSWRMs in 14 case studies, d) a multi-objective allocation and combination of NSWRMs, e) policy analysis and recommendations, and f) the establishment of the Learning Environment. More specifically, we will highlight the challenge of constructing SWAT+ model setups that are methodologically harmonized across all case studies and allow for a routing between contiguous field-scale objects. We will briefly introduce into workflows currently developed to overcome this challenge, which we believe can provide great benefit for the wider model community as well as the potential for implementation of the attained knowledge into practice.
Authors
Štěpán Marval Petr Fučík Natalja Čerkasova Christoph Schürz Michael Strauch Felix Witing Mikolaj Piniewski Svajunas Plunge Csilla Farkas Dominika Krzeminska Sinja Weiland Tatenda LemannAbstract
The deliverable D2.3 of the OPTAIN project introduces a framework and scale specific guidelines for the parameterization of Natural/Small Water Retention Measures (NSWRM) in modelling approaches. More specifically, it provides a detailed translation of NSWRM into parameters and design approaches for the application in the SWAT+ (catchment scale) and SWAP (field-scale) models, which were selected as the main modelling tools in the OPTAIN project. This document can also be considered as an extension of the well-known Conservation Practice Modelling Guide for SWAT and APEX (Waidler et al., 2011), which is frequently used by the SWAT modelling community for testing the effectiveness of conservation practices. However, besides of conservation practices, the report focuses mainly on NSWRMs, and how they can be implemented in SWAT+, the new and restructured version of SWAT. Analogously, the NSWRM parameters are also described for the SWAP model, which is addressing the field-scale. Compared to previous NSWRM modelling approaches, this methodology enables the setting of NSWRM parameters in the two selected models to improve the description of the related hydrological and hydrochemical processes.