Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2024
Sammendrag
No abstract has been registered
Sammendrag
No abstract has been registered
Forfattere
Jason Lee Anders Marie Louise Davey Bram Van Moorter Frode Fossøy Sanne Boessenkool Erling Johan Solberg Erling Meisingset Atle Mysterud Christer Moe RolandsenSammendrag
Parasitic nematodes are ubiquitous and can negatively impact their host by reducing fecundity or increasing mortality, yet the driver of variation in the parasite community across a wildlife host's geographic distribution remains elusive for most species. Based on an extensive collection of fecal samples (n = 264) from GPS marked moose (Alces alces), we used DNA metabarcoding to characterize the individual (sex, age class) and seasonal parasitic nematode community in relation to habitat use and migration behavior in five populations distributed across a wide latitudinal gradient (59.6°N to 70.5°N) in Norway. We detected 21 distinct nematode taxa with the six most common being Ostertagia spp., Nematodirella spp., Trichostongylus spp., T. axei, Elaphostrongylus alces, and an unclassified Strongylida. There was higher prevalence of livestock parasites in areas with larger sheep populations indicating a higher risk of spillover events. The individual level nematode richness was mostly consistent across study areas, while the number and type of nematode taxa detected at each study area varied considerably but did not follow a latitudinal gradient. While migration distance affected nematode beta-diversity across all sites, it had a positive effect on richness at only two of the five study areas suggesting population specific effects. Unexpectedly, nematode richness was higher in winter than summer when very few nematodes were detected. Here we provide the first extensive description of the parasitic nematode community of moose across a wide latitudinal range. Overall, the population-specific impact of migration on parasitism across the distribution range and variation in sympatry with other ruminants suggest local characteristics affect host-parasite relationships.
Sammendrag
DUO link: http://hdl.handle.net/10852/111489
Forfattere
Kamal Atmeh Christophe Bonenfant Jean-Michel Gaillard Mathieu Garel A. J. Mark Hewison Pascal Marchand Nicolas Morellet Pia Anderwald Bayarbaatar Buuveibaatar Jeffrey L. Beck Matthew S. Becker Floris M. van Beest Jodi Berg Ulrika A. Bergvall Randall B. Boone Mark S. Boyce Simon Chamaillé-Jammes Yannick Chaval Chimeddorj Buyanaa David Christianson Simone Ciuti Steeve D. Côté Duane R. Diefenbach Egil Droge Johan T. du Toit Samantha Dwinnell Julian Fennessy Flurin Filli Daniel Fortin Emma E. Hart Matthew Hayes Mark Hebblewhite Morten Heim Ivar Herfindal Marco Dietmar Heurich Christian von Hoermann Katey Huggler Craig Ryan Jackson Andrew F. Jakes Paul F. Jones Petra Kaczensky Matthew Kauffman Petter Kjellander Tayler LeSharr Leif Egil Loe Roelof Frans May Philip McLoughlin Erling Meisingset Evelyn Merrill Kevin L. Monteith Thomas Mueller Atle Mysterud Dejid Nandintsetseg Kirk Olson John Payne Scott Pearson Åshild Ønvik Pedersen Dustin Ranglack Adele K. Reinking Thomas Rempfler Clifford G. Rice Eivin Røskaft Bernt-Erik Sæther Sonia Saïd Hugo Santacreu Niels Martin Schmidt Daan Smit Jared A. Stabach Martin-Hugues St-Laurent Joëlle Taillon W. David Walter Kevin White Guillaume Péron Anne LoisonSammendrag
Caring for newborn offspring hampers resource acquisition of mammalian females, curbing their ability to meet the high energy expenditure of early lactation. Newborns are particularly vulnerable, and, among the large herbivores, ungulates have evolved a continuum of neonatal antipredator tactics, ranging from immobile hider (such as roe deer fawns or impala calves) to highly mobile follower offspring (such as reindeer calves or chamois kids). How these tactics constrain female movements around parturition is unknown, particularly within the current context of increasing habitat fragmentation and earlier plant phenology caused by global warming. Here, using a comparative analysis across 54 populations of 23 species of large herbivores from 5 ungulate families (Bovidae, Cervidae, Equidae, Antilocapridae and Giraffidae), we show that mothers adjust their movements to variation in resource productivity and heterogeneity according to their offspring’s neonatal tactic. Mothers with hider offspring are unable to exploit environments where the variability of resources occurs at a broad scale, which might alter resource allocation compared with mothers with follower offspring. Our findings reveal that the overlooked neonatal tactic plays a key role for predicting how species are coping with environmental variation.
Forfattere
Maria Medina Marino P. Reyes‑Martín Laura Levy Alba Lázaro‑González Enrique Andivia Peter Annighöfer Farhah Assaad Jürgen Bauhus Raquel Benavides Henrik Böhlenius Vito E. Cambria María D. Carbonero Jorge Castro Akaki Chalatashvili Donato Chiatante Claudia Cocozza Sofa Corticeiro Dagnija Lazdina Giovanbattista De Dato Michele De Sanctis Jovana Devetaković Lars Drossler Lenka Ehrenbergerová Peter Ferus Lorena Gómez‑Aparicio Arndt Hampe Kjersti Holt Hanssen Berthold Heinze Marcin Jakubowski María N. Jiménez Branko Kanjevac Jan J. Keizer Ivona Kerkez‑Janković Marcin Klisz Wojciech Kowalkowski Klaus Kremer Johan Kroon Dario La Montagna Jelena Lazarević Emanuele Lingua Manuel E. Lucas‑Borja Adrian Łukowski Magnus Löf Paula Maia Paola Mairota Alberto Maltoni Barbara Mariotti Antonin Martinik Rafaella Marzano Luis MatiasSammendrag
Key message We provide data on seedlot germination potential—a key trait related to regeneration—of 12 oak spe‑ cies. Germination was tested at the University of Granada following international protocols with 8985 acorns from 93 batches and 16 countries across Europe. Data on germination probability, acorn origin, mass, and moisture content measured on another 4544 acorns are available at https://doi.org/10.30827/Digibug.87318. Associated metadata are available at https://metadata-afs.nancy.inra.fr/geonetwork/srv/fre/catalog.search#/metadata/a742c6d8-bc37-4ca2- 8b81-2447c5a8858d. Keywords Acorn, Germination test, Seedlot germination potential, Seed mass, Seed moisture, Seed viability
Forfattere
Dagnija Lazdina Valeriu Caisin Bertold Heinze Dana Dina Kolevska Kjersti Holt Hanssen (+17 forfattere) et al.Sammendrag
No abstract has been registered
Sammendrag
Tree size is one of the major factors that determines harvester productivity and is heavily influenced by forest managerial activities. Stand silvicultural management can lead to managing tree size, the distribution of tree size, and tree height amongst others. Understanding the effect of tree size distribution on harvesting productivity is central for optimizing management of operations. To investigate the effects of tree size distribution on harvester productivity, productivity functions for a medium and larger-sized harvester were applied to harvester derived tree size distributions from 35 clearfelled pine stands. These functions were applied to a normal distribution of trees covering the same tree size ranges. Productivity differences were analysed on a stand-by-stand basis. Results showed that for the larger harvester, productivity rates remained constant (67.1 vs. 67.6 m3·PMH− 1) indicating relatively little sensitivity to variations in tree size distributions. Although the standard deviation (SD) halved from 11.6 to 5.6 in the case of the uniform tree distribution. The smaller harvester productivity decreased by 15% from 47.3 to 40.1 m3·PMH− 1 and the coefficient of variation (CV) by 6% in the same transition to a uniform distribution. Further investigation was done on more skewed tree size distributions, a family of nine Weibull distributions was generated, representing combinations of three mean DBH classes (25 cm, 30 cm, and 35 cm) and three levels of CV (15%, 20%, 25%), for each DBH class. Results clearly indicate that different distribution shapes have different effects on different machine sizes, and that a low CV correlates to a higher productivity in larger tree sizes. A more uniform tree size distribution also provides more predictable results (lower CV), which would promote machine scheduling and result in fewer discrepancies on production rates.
Sammendrag
Winter storage of seedlings in freezers reduces the amount of heat sum available for growth in the following growing season compared to seedlings stored outdoors. To test the effects of a reduced growing period on the autumn frost hardiness of the six species most used in Icelandic afforestation, seedlings were stored outdoors or in a freezer during winter. In spring, the seedlings were planted on 24 May, 7 June, 21 June, and 5 July, and the frost hardiness of all treatments was tested on 12 and 26 September. In general, the probability of freezing damage increased with a later planting date, with outdoor-stored seedlings having the lowest probability of damage. The timing of frost events was of great importance; the later the freezing date, the less damage was observed. Growth cessation occurred at different times for each species, and they responded differently to the reduced heat sum. Lodgepole pine and birch accumulated the most frost hardiness in September. Sitka spruce had less autumn frost hardiness than Lutz spruce. Hybrid larch accumulated less frost hardiness than Russian larch and was most sensitive to the reduced heat sum. The results can be used to determine which species should be prioritised in frozen storage with regard to Iceland‘s short growing season.
Forfattere
Jaime Puértolas Pedro Villar-Salvador Enrique Andivia Ishita Ahuja Claudia Cocozza Branislav Cvjetković Jovana Devetaković Julio J. Diez Inger Sundheim Fløistad Petros Ganatsas Barbara Mariotti Marianthi Tsakaldimi Alberto Vilagrosa Johanna Witzell Vladan IvetićSammendrag
Drought hardening is a nursery technique aimed to enhance early forest plantation establishment under dry conditions, which is a main limiting factors for plantation success. However, the quantitative effectiveness of drought hardening remains unclear. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the influence of different factors in the effectiveness of drought hardening on seedling post-planting survival and growth. Overall, drought hardening did not significantly affect survival or growth, as several factors induced great heterogeneity, but analyses of those factors explained its effectiveness, especially on survival. A longer time between hardening and transplanting strongly reduced survival. Indoor-grown seedlings did not benefit more from hardening than outdoor-grown seedlings. Evaluations of drought hardening effectiveness in pots showed positive effects on survival but negative effects on growth, while no effects were found in large bed experiments. In field experiments, hardening significantly increased survival and growth with site aridity. Survival benefits were independent of species drought tolerance, measured by osmotic potential at the turgor loss point (πtlp), in moderate to high aridity sites. However, in low aridity sites, hardening increased survival in drought-tolerant species but decreased it in drought-intolerant species. Field results showed that hardening benefited shrubs more than trees in angiosperms. In conclusion, drought hardening at the end of nursery cultivation tend to increase post-planting seedling performance particularly in scenarios limiting post-planting root growth such as in arid climates and pot experiments. Our findings highlight the importance of future research on modelling the interaction between these technical features and species water use strategies..