Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2017
Authors
Claire CoutrisAbstract
The major fraction of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) released in the environment are transiting through wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). How do the microorganisms responsible for the removal of nitrogen in WWTPs react when exposed to wastewater-borne ENMs? We investigated the potential for Ag and TiO2 nanoparticles (and their transformation products) to cause a decrease in the operational efficiency of WWTPs, more specifically on nitrogen removal by denitrification. To gain a mechanistic understanding of the potential effects of Ag and TiO2 NPs on denitrifying bacteria, we exposed pure cultures of bacteria isolated from activated sludge to various concentrations of NPs, and monitored gas kinetics during the transition from oxic to anoxic respiration. We also conducted similar exposure experiments on indigenous bacterial communities present in actively operating WWTPs. Results obtained with suspended and biofilm associated microorganisms will be presented, in order to complement eco-physiological studies on single organisms.
Lecture – Capture+ A dawn for biochar in Norway
Erik J. Joner, Adam Thomas O'toole, Alice Budai, ...
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Holger Lange Jogeir N. Stokland Bernhard Ahrens Lise Dalsgaard Stephanie Eisner Hanna Lee Toby Marthews Helge Meissner Sebastian SippelAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Lise Dalsgaard Aaron Smith Ryan Bright Gunnhild Søgaard Gry Alfredsen Signe Kynding Borgen Johannes BreidenbachAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Frans-Jan W. Parmentier Daniel Rasse Magnus Lund Jarle W. Bjerke Bert G. Drake Simon Weldon Hans Tømmervik Georg Heinrich Hansen Lennart Nilsen Elisabeth J. CooperAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
H Egelyng Anita Romsdal H.O. Hansen Rasa Slizyte Ana Karina Carvajal Laura Jouvenot Marie Hebrok Kaisu Honkapää Jens Petter Wold Randi Seljåsen Marit AursandAbstract
A circular bioeconomy has become a global aspiration for governments in Europe and around the globe. This article pursues research questions concerning concrete innovations aiming to create bioeconomic transition options in Norway and presents results from a transdisciplinary investigation of Norwegian food industry cases involving processing of fish, meat, fruit, and vegetable co-streams aiming to capture or even increase use and value of residues from processing. It shows that while objectives of avoiding food losses and transforming co-streams to new products of higher value characterizes the poultry industry case and part of the ‘blue’ sector, challenges remain particularly in the ‘whitefish’ area where - also at the global level - a high share of fish resources ends as rest raw materials, i.e. not fully utilised. The investigation targeted strategic cases of innovations enabling alternative uses of co-streams: automation and scanning technologies for fractioning raw materials and co-streams into different qualities, a collection system for fish rest raw materials at sea, enzymatic hydrolysis, use of second grade vegetables for smoothies and potato peels for biodegradable plastics in the vegetable (potato) processing industries. The article shows how these innovations enable cascading and valorisation of co-streams and why an upcycling potential exists as well. Its main contribution is in demonstrating feasibility of transdisciplinary research and innovative options for bioeconomic transition towards sustainability.
Abstract
In the Nordic countries, soil erosion rates in winter and early spring can exceed those at other times of the year. In particular, snowmelt, combined with rain and soil frost, leads to severe soil erosion, even, e.g., in low risk areas in Norway. In southern Norway, previous attempts to predict soil erosion during winter and spring have not been very accurate owing to a lack of catchment-based data, resulting in a poor understanding of hydrological processes during winter. Therefore, a field study was carried out over three consecutive winters (2013, 2014 and 2015) to gather relevant data. In parallel, the development of the snow cover, soil temperature and ice content during these three winters was simulated with the Simultaneous Heat and Water (SHAW) model for two different soils (sand, clay). The field observations carried out in winter revealed high complexity and diversity in the hydrological processes occurring in the catchment. Major soil erosion was caused by a small rain event on frozen ground before snow cover was established, while snowmelt played no significant role in terms of soil erosion in the study period. Four factors that determine the extent of runoff and erosion were of particular importance: (1) soil water content at freezing; (2) whether soil is frozen or unfrozen at a particular moment; (3) the state of the snow pack; and (4) tillage practices prior to winter. SHAW performed well in this application and proved that it is a valuable tool for investigating and simulating snow cover development, soil temperature and extent of freezing in soil profiles.
Authors
Csilla FarkasAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Martin Köchy Jacob Bishop Heikki Lehtonen Nigel D. Scollan Heidi A. Webber Andrea Zimmermann Gianni Bellocchi André Bannink Anne Biewald Roberto Ferrise Katharina Helming Richard P. Kipling Anna Birgitte Milford Şeyda Özkan Gülzari Margarita Ruiz-Ramos Jantine Curth-van MiddelkoopAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
No abstract has been registered