Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2024
Authors
Akhil Reddy Pashapu Sigridur Dalmannsdottir Marit Jørgensen Odd Arne Rognli Mallikarjuna Rao KoviAbstract
No abstract has been registered
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Abstract
The EU’s Farm to Fork strategy aims to create fair, healthy, and environmentally friendly food systems, ensuring universal access to sufficient, safe, nutritious, and sustainable food. Increasing the production and consumption of organic food is considered crucial to achieving these objectives. This study explores the development of organic food in four selected Nordic countries: Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden. We have observed the variance in the market share of organic products in the retail sector among these countries, with 13, 2.5, 1.73 and 8.9%, respectively (2021 statistics). This highlights a significant gap, with Denmark and Sweden leading in organic food consumption. We seek to understand the reasons behind this disparity by delving into public policies governing organic food strategies in the selected countries. The analysis entails examining multiple policy documents to pinpoint fundamental strategies and significant milestones influencing the development of the organic sector. Our findings indicate that Denmark and Sweden have historically implemented supportive policies, including financial incentives, subsidies, and regulatory frameworks, to promote organic agriculture. Their consistent, credible, comprehensive and coherent governmental policies and long-term commitments offer a stable environment for the organic sector to flourish. They seem to possess extensive distribution networks and better market access for organic products, contributing to the sector’s growth. The accessibility and availability of organic products in retail outlets play a vital role in influencing consumer choices. The paper provides policymakers with valuable insights into how to foster the consumption and production of organic food, not only within the case studies but also in other national contexts.
Authors
Ana Margarida Fernandes Josep Àlvar Calduch-Giner Gabriella V. Pereira Ana Teresa Gonçalves Jorge Dias Johan Johansen Tomé Silva Fernando Naya-Català Carla Piazzon Ariadna Sitjà-Bobadilla Benjamin Costas Luís E. C. Conceição Jorge Manuel de Oliveira Fernandes Jaume Pérez-SánchezAbstract
The growth of the aquaculture industry requires more sustainable and circular economy-driven aquafeed formulas. Thus, the goal of the present study was to assess in farmed gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) how different combinations of novel and conventional fish feed ingredients supported proper animal performance in terms of growth and physiological biomarkers of blood/liver/head kidney. A 77-day feeding trial was conducted with three experimental diets (PAP, with terrestrial processed animal protein from animal by-products; NOPAP, without processed animal protein from terrestrial animal by-products; MIX, a combination of alternative ingredients of PAP and NOPAP diets) and a commercial-type formulation (CTRL), and their effects on growth performance and markers of endocrine growth regulation, lipid metabolism, antioxidant defense and inflammatory condition were assessed at circulatory and tissue level (liver, head kidney). Growth performance was similar among all dietary treatments. However, fish fed the PAP diet displayed a lower feed conversion and protein efficiency, with intermediate values in MIX-fed fish. Such gradual variation in growth performance was supported by different biomarker signatures that delineated a lower risk of oxidation and inflammatory condition in NOPAP fish, in concurrence with an enhanced hepatic lipogenesis that did not represent a risk of lipoid liver degeneration.
Authors
Fride Høistad ScheiAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Muath Alsheik Merethe Bagge May Bente Brurberg Aakash Chawade Timmermann Christiansen Pawel Chrominski Jahn Davik Susann Herzog Liina Jakobson Hans-Arne Krogsti Fredrik Reslow Terje Tähtjärv Ramesh Vetukuri Susanne Windju Nikolai Ødegaard Rodomiro OrtizAbstract
No abstract has been registered
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No abstract has been registered
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No abstract has been registered
Authors
Jarle W. Bjerke Kristin Magnussen Ryan Bright Ståle Navrud Rasmus Erlandsson Eirik Aasmo Finne Hans TømmervikAbstract
Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) pastoralism utilizes vast boreo-arctic taiga and tundra as grazing land. Highly fluctuating population sizes pose major challenges to the economy and livelihood of indigenous herder communities. In this study we investigated the effect of population fluctuations on core provisioning and regulating ecosystem services in two Sámi reindeer herding districts with contrasting fluctuation trends. We compared 50-year long time series on herd size, meat production, forage productivity, carbon footprint, and CO2-equivalence metrics for surface albedo change based on the radiative forcing concept. Our results show, for both districts, that the economic benefits from the provisioning services were higher than the costs from the regulating services. Still, there were major contrasts; the district with moderate and stable reindeer density gained nearly the double on provisioning services per unit area. The costs from increasing heat absorption due to reduction in surface albedo caused by replacement of high-reflective lichens with low-reflective woody plants, was 10.5 times higher per unit area in the district with large fluctuations. Overall, the net economic benefits per unit area were 237 % higher in the district with stable reindeer density. These results demonstrate that it is possible to minimize trade-offs between economic benefits from reindeer herding locally and global economic costs in terms of climate-regulating services by minimizing fluctuations in herds that are managed at sustainable densities.
Authors
Linn Vassvik Vigdis Vandvik Silje Andrea Hjortland Östman Anders Nielsen Aud Helen HalbritterAbstract
Plant reproduction in alpine environments is affected by climate both directly through climate impacts on growth and phenology, and indirectly through impacts on the biotic interactions affecting pollination success. These effects can be highly variable in time and space. In this study we investigated how different abiotic and biotic factors influence reproductive investment and success in populations of Ranunculus acris across an alpine landscape over a two-year period. In an alpine area at Finse, southern Norway, we measured reproductive investment (total seed mass) and reproductive success (seed-set rate) in 38 sites differing in temperature (related to elevation) and length of the growing season (related to time of snowmelt). To assess biotic interactions, we measured floral density and pollinator visits and conducted a supplemental pollen experiment. Reproductive investment and success increased with temperature, but only when floral density and/or number of pollinator visits was high, and only in the warmer year (2016). Reproduction in R. acris was pollen-limited in both years, especially at warmer temperature and in sites with early snowmelt. Pollinator visits increased with temperature and with higher floral density, suggesting a shift in relative importance of the biotic factors (from plants to pollinators) in limiting reproduction with increasing temperature. Our study shows that reproductive investment and success in R. acris is affected by climate through the interactive effects of abiotic and biotic processes. These effects vary between years and across the landscape, suggesting a potential for larger-scale buffering of climate change effects in heterogeneous landscapes.