Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2007
Abstract
In spring 2002, extensive damage was recorded in southeast Norway on nursery-grown Norway spruce seedlings that had either wintered in nursery cold storage or had been planted out in autumn 2001. The damage was characterised by a top shoot dieback. Two visually distinct types of necroses were located either on the upper or lower part of the 2001-year-shoot. Isolations from the upper stem necroses rendered Gremmeniella abietina, while Phomopsis sp. was isolated mostly from the from the lower stem necroses. RAMS (random amplified microsatellites) profiling indicated that the G. abietina strains associated with diseased nursery seedlings belonged to LTT (large-tree type) ecotype, and inoculation tests confirmed their pathogenicity on Norway spruce seedlings. Phomopsis sp. was not pathogenic in inoculation tests, this implying it may be a secondary colonizer. We describe here the Gremmeniella - associated shoot dieback symptoms on Norway spruce seedlings and conclude that the unusual disease outburst was related to the Gremmeniella epidemic caused by the LTT type on large pines in 2001. The role of Phomopsis sp. in the tissue of diseased Norway spruce seedlings is yet unclear.
Authors
Arild AndersenAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Stig Strandli GezeliusAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Editors
Inger E. Måren Liv S. NilsenAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Peder Gjerdrum Mauro BernabeiAbstract
Resin pockets, being an important natural characteristic for wood quality and tree physiology, were observed on the surfaces of boards sawn from four large Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) trees and analysed for size and distribution. Axial length varied between trees and increased from pith to surface and from butt to top; however, three quarters of the variation were random and normally distributed. Also resin pocket frequency varied between trees. Within the stem, the resin pockets remained independent and randomly distributed following the exponential distribution in all three directions: radial, angular and axial, corresponding to a constant probability during the lifespan of the tree. No association between size and frequency was identified. The initiation and the expansion of a resin pocket appear to be controlled by two different physiological processes. The findings should add to the understanding of resin pocket formation in spruce and should be applicable to wood quality
Authors
Erlend Ystrøm Haartveit Leif Kjøstelsen Bård Strand JacobsenAbstract
The project Woodflow is a 3-year project aiming at quantifying logistics costs for wood products in a supply chain from manufacturer to consumer. Woodflow is financed by the Research Council of Norway, Innovation Norway and Optimera AS. The work is carried out in Optimera’s distribution network in Norway. In this paper we present and discuss two methods for estimating time consumption, one for material handling and one for activities in the information flow. For material handling a method based on time studies has been modified and adapted to the situation in a distribution centre. For activities in the information flow performance measures of sales personnel are combined with information about registered orders to develop estimates for time consumption for entering orders and order lines. These will also be used to estimate time consumption for other tasks in the information flow. The estimates for time consumption will later be combined with the time costs of the performing actors to calculate logistics costs for material handling and for activities in the information flow.
Authors
Eivind Jacobsen Svein Ole Borgen Arne DulsrudAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Erlend Ystrøm Haartveit Ingrid KnottenAbstract
Traceability in a supply chain can be established using several different technologies. The basic idea is marking each item with an identifier which can be rgistrered as the item flows downstream in the supply chain. Abilities to track and trace products and components have become requirements in many supply chains. Systems for traceability may also be used to improve logistics across the supply chain. Supply chain management implies applyin holistic perspectives on solutions, spanning from the vendor of raw materials to the consumer. This article presents a Norwegian case in which tracebility solutions based on Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) were tested in a supply chain for poles delivered to power lines. Logs were marked with standard RFID tags in the forest and were registered with a standard RFID reader on several sages frm forest to finished product. The standard equipment performed well even when exposed to rough handling, high and low temperatures and high pressure. The results show that even when individual actors may benefit from implementing traceability solutions it is challenging to develop joint and profitable solutions for several actors in a supply chain. Three main obstackles were identified as impediments for supply chain traceability. There are diffrences in objectives as som firms focus on optimising logistics and production, while others aim at reducing errors from manual registrations. There are differences in requirements for technical solutions, especially concerning where the tag should be placed on the log. Finally, there are differences in willingness and readiness to adopt new technology.
Authors
EI Vanguelova Y Hirano Toril Drabløs Eldhuset L Sas-Paszt M Bakker Ü Püttsepp Ivano Brunner K Lõmus DL GodboldAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Elena Iordanova Vanguelova Yasuhiro Hirano Toril Drabløs Eldhuset Lidia Sas-Paszt Mark R. Bakker Ülle Püttsepp Ivano Brunner Krista Lõhmus Douglas Lawrence GodboldAbstract
No abstract has been registered