Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2018
Authors
Trine Aulstad Sogn Ivan Dragicevic Roar Linjordet Tore Krogstad Vincent Eijsink Susanne Eich-GreatorexAbstract
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Authors
Trust Kasambala Donga Ole Martin EkloAbstract
The sugarcane industry is the third largest user of pesticides in Malawi. Our aim with this study was to document pesticide use and handling practices that influence pesticide exposure among sugarcane farmers in Malawi. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to 55 purposively selected sugarcane farmers and 7 key informants representing 1474 farmers in Nkhata Bay, Nkhotakota and Chikwawa Districts in Malawi. Our results indicate that herbicides and insecticides were widely used. Fifteen moderately and one extremely hazardous pesticide, based on World Health Organization (WHO) classification, were in use. Several of these pesticides: ametryn, acetochlor, monosodium methylarsonate and profenofos are not approved in the European Union because of their toxicity to terrestrial and aquatic life, and/or persistence in water and soil. Farmers (95%) knew that pesticides could enter the human body through the skin, nose (53%) and mouth (42%). They knew that pesticide runoff (80%) and leaching (100%) lead to contamination of water wells. However, this knowledge was not enough to motivate them to take precautionary measures to reduce pesticide exposure. Farmers (78%) had experienced skin irritation, 67% had headache, coughing and running nose during pesticide handling. Measures are in place to reduce pesticide exposure in the large estates and farms operated by farmer associations. Smallholder farmers acting independently do not have the resources and capacity to minimize their exposure to pesticides. There is need to put in place pesticide residue monitoring programs and farmer education on commercial sugarcane production and safe pesticide use as ways of reducing pesticide exposure.
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Authors
Carrie Joy Andrew Einar Heegaard Klaus Høiland Beatrice Senn-Irlet Thomas W. Kuyper Irmgard Krisai-Greilhuber Paul M. Kirk Jacob Heilmann-Clausen Alan C. Gange Simon Egli Claus Bässler Ulf Büntgen Lynne Boddy Håvard KauserudAbstract
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No abstract has been registered
Authors
Carrie Joy Andrew Einar Heegaard Alan C. Gange Beatrice Senn-Irlet Simon Egli Paul M. Kirk Ulf Büntgen Håvard Kauserud Lynne BoddyAbstract
As citizen science and digitization projects bring greater and larger datasets to the scientific realm, wemust address the comparability of results across varying sources and spatial scales. Independentlyassembled fungal fruit body datasets from Switzerland and the UK were available at large, national-scales and more intensively surveyed, local-scales. Phenology responses of fungi between these data-sets at different scales (national, intermediate and local) resembled one another. Consistently with time,the fruiting season initiated earlier and extended later. Phenology better correlated across data sourcesand scales in the UK, which contain less landscape and environmental heterogeneity than Switzerland.Species-specific responses in seasonality varied more than overall responses, but generally fruiting startdates were later for most Swiss species compared with UK species, while end dates were later for both.The coherency of these results, across the data sources, supports the use of presence-only data obtainedby multiple recorders, and even across heterogeneous landscapes, for global change phenology research.
Authors
Daniel Girma Mulat Janka Dibdiakova Svein Jarle HornAbstract
No abstract has been registered
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No abstract has been registered