Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2025
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Heidi Udnes AamotAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
Leather rot of strawberry fruit caused by the oomycete Phytophthora cactorum is detrimental to both freshly consumed and processed produce of this crop because of an off-odour flavour caused by two phenolic compounds, 4-ethylphenol (4-EP) and 4-ethyl-2-methoxyphenol (4-ethyl guaiacol, 4-EG). In this study, we have investigated differences in off-odour among strawberry genotypes and how the perception of the off-odour varies among people. Fruit of 13 strawberry genotypes, including five cultivars and eight selections, inoculated with P. cactorum were assessed by a sensory panel to determine differences in the characteristic leather rot odour. The content of aroma compounds, including the two phenolics, was analysed by headspace GC/MS and compared with sensory analysis. The amount of 4-EP and 4-EG varied greatly among the genotypes, and although the ones with the highest and lowest sensory scores also had the highest and lowest amounts of the phenolics, the correlation between their content and leather rot odour was not significant. The results clearly indicated that aroma components, of which the major ones were butanoic acid and acetic acid methyl and ethyl esters, hexanoic acid methyl ester and acetone, were important for the perception of leather rot off-odour. This suggests that natural strawberry aroma compounds can partly mask the characteristic leather rot odour independent of the level of the off-odour compounds. Consumer tests showed great variation in the ability of people to recognize the leather rot off-odour of strawberry fruit, especially at lower levels, but a few people were not able to detect the odour at all. The amount of contaminated strawberry fruit necessary for olfactory identification and to set an odour threshold of leather rot is further discussed.
Authors
Theresa WeiglAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
F Durand-Maniclas H Heinemann F Seidel F Ciulla Teresa Gómez de la Bárcena M Camenzind S Corrado Z Csűrös Zs Czakó D Eylenbosch Andrea Ficke C Flamm J M Herrera V Horáková A Hund F Lüddeke F Platz B Poós Daniel Rasse M da Silva-Lopes M Toleikienė A Veršulienė M Visse-Mansiaux K Yu A Don J HirteAbstract
Background and aims: Understanding the relationship of root traits and crop performance under varying environmental conditions facilitates the exploitation of root characteristics in breeding and variety testing to maintain crop yields under climate change. Therefore, we (1) evaluated differences in root length and surface area between ten winter wheat varieties grown at 11 sites in Europe covering a large pedoclimatic gradient, (2) quantified differences in root response to soil, climate and management conditions between varieties, and (3) evaluated variety-specific relationships of grain yield and root length and surface area under diverse environmental conditions. Methods: At each site, we sampled the roots to 1 m soil depth after harvest and determined various root traits by scanning and image analysis. The impacts of soil, climate and management on roots and yield of the ten varieties were analysed by means of multivariate mixed models. Key results: Root length averaged 1.4 m root piece−1, 5007 m root m−2 soil, and 5300 m root m−2 soil and root surface area 0.039 m2 root piece−1, 40 m2 root m−2 soil, and 43 m2 root m−2 soil in 0.00–0.15 m, 0.15–0.50 m, 0.50–1.00 m soil depth, respectively. The variation in both traits was 10 times higher between sites than varieties, the latter ranging by a factor of 2 within sites. Irrespective of variety, temperature was a major driver of subsoil root traits, suggesting that warmer climates promoted root growth in deeper soil layers. Other soil and climate variables affected root length and/or root surface area of individual varieties, highlighting different degrees of root plasticity. The varieties displayed distinctly different relationships between yield and root traits under varying pedoclimatic conditions, highlighting genetic differences in yield response to environmentally driven root plasticity. Conclusions: These findings suggest that breeding efforts should target flexible root–yield relationships in the subsoil to maintain crop performance under climate change.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
Bulb mites (Rhizoglyphus spp.) can predispose onions to various fungal diseases. At the same time, onions infected with Fusarium spp. have been shown to attract bulb mites. In addition, bulb mite establishment has been shown to be more successful and population growth faster on Fusarium spp. infected onions. Understanding the interactions between bulb mites and Fusarium spp. is essential for developing effective Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies targeting both Fusarium spp. and bulb mites. However, there is no information on the interactive effects of bulb mites and F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae on onions in Norway. Likewise, there is no prior knowledge of which bulb mite species damage onion in Norway. In the ongoing project, we study which bulb mite species exist in Norway, whether basal rot development is affected by the presence of bulb mite (R. robini), and whether the population growth of bulb mites is affected by F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae. We aim to present the results of the ongoing experiment and discuss their importance for the management of bulb mites and F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae in Norway.
Authors
Arne Stensvand Belachew Asalf Tadesse Aruppillai Suthaparan Rodrigo B. Onofre Natalia Peres David M. GadouryAbstract
No abstract has been registered