Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2012
Authors
Line Emilie Sverdrup Christine Bjørge Ole Martin Eklo Merete Grung Torsten Källqvist Ingeborg Klingen Marit Låg Edgar Rivedal Erik Ropstad Steinar ØvrebøAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Line Emilie Sverdrup Christine Bjørge Ole Martin Eklo Merete Grung Torsten Källqvist Ingeborg Klingen Marit Låg Edgar Rivedal Erik Ropstad Steinar ØvrebøAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Eva Skarbøvik Per Stålnacke Kari Austnes John Rune Selvik Paul Aakerøy Torulv Tjomsland Tore Høgåsen S. BeldringAbstract
Riverine inputs and direct discharges to Norwegian coastal waters in 2011 have been estimated in accordance with the requirements of the OSPAR Commission. Due to high water discharges in 2011, the riverine inputs of both nutrients and metals were greater than 2010. Analyses of data since 1990 from nine main rivers in the program revealed downward trends both for nutrients and metals, with an exception of upwards trends for nitrogen in one river. Fish farming continued to be a major source of nutrients and copper to coastal waters. Inputs of PCBs and the pesticide lindane were, as in previous years, insignificant.
Authors
Carl Jonas Jorge Spetz Jihong Liu Clarke Merete Dees Sissel Haugslien Roar Moe Dag-Ragnar BlystadAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
This Technical brief is a short summary of the results obtained from the field trials conducted at Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute, Trichy, India during Rabi (2010-2011) to evaluate the role of photosynthetic diazotrophs in reducing methane flux from rice soil ecosystem as a part of climarice project. Global warming induced by increasing concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere is a matter of great environmental concern. Methane, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and chlorofluorocarbon are the GHGs which have strong infrared absorption bands and trap part of the thermal radiation from the earth surface. Rice fields have to be considered as a significant source of greenhouse gases and rice field eco systems account for about 60 Tg methane per year or about 12 per cent of the global annual methane emission. The purpose of this study is to explore the potential of blue green algae and azolla in minimizing methane flux at source in paddy field ecosystem. In the present study, combined application of organics and blue green algae not only recorded higher yield, but also found to emit less methane in paddy cultivation than the application of organics alone.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
A crucial process of the terrestrial carbon cycle is photosynthetic uptake through plants. This may be quantified by calculating the fraction of absorbed photosynthetic active radiation (fapar), based on multispectral reflectance properties of the earth surface. The fapar index is available with global coverage from satellite sensors.Here, we combine two satellite missions, SeaWifs on board OrbView2 and MERIS on board Envisat, to produce time series with 10 days resolution for a period of 14 years (19982011) at a spatial resolution of 0.5 latitude x 0.5 longitude. These more than 50000 individual time series represent a huge range of dynamical behavior with respect to variability, periodicities and correlation structure.To characterize differences as a function of spatial location or distance, we employ Recurrence Quantification Analysis (RQA) and Recurrence Network Analysis (RNA). Two strategies are followed. On one hand, RQA and network variables are calculated for individual time series using identical recurrence parameters, and compared to see whether differences between them resemble different climate regimes, biomes, plant functional types or landuse classes. On the other hand, a multivariate extension of RNA will be exploited to see whether networks within networks occur, i.e. whether RNA provides sufficient contrasts to discern different clusters of pixels on the globe.Taken together, the recurrence analysis might lead to a new classification of the terrestrial biosphere which in turn can be compared to existing partitioning based on climate and/or vegetation properties. A number of technical issues will be addressed as well, such as the impact of the finite length of the series (504 values each), the necessity to gapfill parts of the data, the stability of network variables against changes in the recurrence parameters, or the computational challenges involved in the multinetwork analysis of many series. http://dames.pik-potsdam.de/Abstracts.pdf
Authors
Adam Tomasz Sikora Erlend NybakkAbstract
Poland's share of private forests is relatively small compared with that of other European countries. Private Polish forests are in poor condition and have been under great economic stress. This situation has changed somewhat with respect to rural development since Poland's accession to the European Union. However, many antecedents to the innovativeness of forest owners remain unaddressed by scholars. The objective of this paper is to study the effect of forest owners' attitudes towards risk, social responsibility, learning orientation and institutional support on their innovativeness. Additionally, we aim to analyse the forest owners' attitudes towards start-ups based on nature-based tourism, which is a relatively new activity in Poland. We used both quantitative and qualitative approaches in this study and collected data via face-to-face interviews with 105 forest owners. The results showed that, although a forest owner's attitudes towards risk, social responsibility and learning orientation positively impacted the owner's innovativeness, institutional support did not. In the qualitative portion of this study, we examine nature-based tourism as a relatively new phenomenon and the factors affecting an owner's decision to initiate this type of business. The results imply that private forest owners in Poland require greater institutional support to start tourism businesses related to their forest land. However, the present support policies do not seem to have a direct positive effect on the forest owners' innovativeness. Nevertheless, policies that limit risk, promote learning and encourage social responsibility among Polish forest owners can stimulate them to become more innovative. Previous research has shown that this change, in turn, results in better economic performance and enhanced rural vitality.
Authors
Jane Atterton John Marshall Bryden Thomas G. JohnsonAbstract
No abstract has been registered