Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2017
Authors
Anna Palmé Heli Fitzgerald Jens Weibull Åsmund Asdal Birgitte Lund Dag Terje Filip Endresen Elina Kiviharju Hjörtur Þorbjörnsson Morten Rasmussen Ulrika Carlson-NilssonAbstract
The Nordic project “Ecosystem services: Genetic resources and crop wild relatives” was initiated with the long-term aim to assure conservation and sustainable use of the wild genetic resources associated with future food security. There is an increasing threat to crop wild relatives (CWRs) in nature and actions are therefore needed to safeguard these important resources. The Nordic project has resulted in two stakeholder workshops (Stockholm 2015, Vilnius 2016), a common homepage dedicated to Nordic CWR (www.nordgen.org/cwr), policy recommendations on CWR conservation and use and the first common Nordic conservation approach for CWRs. During the project, a common CWR checklist was created and prioritized. The most important crop wild relatives of the region, related to food and forage crops, were selected with use and value criteria. The in situ conservation planning identified potential complementary conservation sites for the priority species. These sites would conserve a maximum number of target taxa and their intraspecific variation by using ecogeographic land characteristic map categories of the region as a proxy for the adaptive scenarios of the priority taxa populations. The potential conservation sites are found in all the five countries (Denmark, Iceland, Finland, Norway and Sweden) across the Nordic region. Since the Nordic countries share many species and habitats across the region, the goal is that joint conservation planning on the Nordic level should make national conservation activities more efficient. The project is funded by Nordic Council of Ministers.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Heli Fitzgerald Anna Palmé Mora Aronsson Dag Terje Filip Endresen Jens Weibull Åsmund Asdal Hjörtur Þorbjörnsson Morten Ramussen Birgitte Lund Elina KiviharjuAbstract
The Nordic Crop Wild Relative (CWR) checklist is a result from a joint Nordic project, "Ecosystem services: Genetic resources and crop wild relatives" (2015-2016) funded by the Nordic Council of Ministers and the Nordic Genetic Resources Center (NordGen). A Crop Wild Relative (CWR) is a wild species that is closely related to a cultivated crop. This close relationship means that properties in a CWR can be transferred to the crop by traditional crossings. As modern cultivars may lack the desired variation, diversity found in CWRs can be central for adaptation to new demands on the crops.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Arja Rautio Sari Piippo Eva Pongrácz Elena Golubeva Andrey Soloviev Ida Synnøve Bårvåg Grini Themistoklis Altintzoglou Hilde Margrethe HelgesenAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Hilde Margrethe Helgesen Arja Rautio Sari Piippo Eva Pongrácz Elena Golubeva Andrey Soloviev Ida Synnøve Bårvåg Grini Themistoklis AltintzoglouAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Klaus Mittenzwei Stefan MannAbstract
Purpose Outside farming, pluriactivity is generally considered as undesirable, whereas agricultural economists tend to recommend part-time farming. This contradiction is to be solved. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach Linking tax-payer and statistical farm-level data from Norway, the authors tested how profitable part-time farming is for Norwegian farm households. Findings The analysis showed that concentrating on either working on-farm or off-farm generates a higher household income than combining the two. Practical implications Part-time farming may be a lifestyle decision, but apparently is not economically optimal for most farms. Originality/value The contribution solves an apparent contradiction between the discourses inside and outside agriculture.
Abstract
Despite global deforestation some regions, such as Europe, are currently experiencing rapid reforestation. Some of this is unintended woodland encroachment onto farmland as a result of reduced livestock pasture management. Our aim was to determine the likely impacts of this on exposure to ticks and tickborne disease risk for sheep in Norway, a country experiencing ecosystem changes through rapid woodland encroachment as well as increases in abundance and distribution of Ixodes ricinus ticks and tick-borne disease incidence. We conducted surveys of I. ricinus ticks on ground vegetation using cloth lure transects and counts of ticks biting lambs on spring pastures, where lambs are exposed to infection with Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the causative agent of tick-borne fever in livestock. Pastures had higher densities of I. ricinus ticks on the ground vegetation and more ticks biting lambs if there was more tree cover in or adjacent to pastures. Importantly, there was a close correlation between questing tick density on pastures and counts of ticks biting lambs on the same pasture, indicating that cloth lure transects are a good proxy of risk to livestock of tick exposure and tick-borne disease. These findings can inform policy on environmental tick control measures such as habitat management, choice of livestock grazing area and off-host application of tick control agents.
Abstract
The ongoing climate change may have a distinct effect on Norway spruce growth, one of the most important tree species in European forest management. Therefore, the understanding and assessment of climate-growth relationship can help to reveal relevant patterns in temporal variability that may result in lower tree vitality and decline. The main objective of our study was to evaluate the long-term climate-growth variability of Norway spruce in south-eastern Norway, at the northern edge of the temperate zone. We sampled in total 270 dominant and co-dominant trees from 18 plots in south-eastern Norway. We analysed stem cores and evaluated crown condition parameters to assess the retrospective tree growth and vitality. Despite considerable differences in the crown parameters, high similarity among tree-ring width (TRW) series allowed compiling the regional tree-ring width chronology. Correlations between TRW and climate parameters showed temporal instability in their relationship during the period 1915–2012. While we did not detect any significant relationships between TRW and climate parameters in the first half of the study period (1915–1963), a significant correlation between TRW and spring precipitation was observed for the period 1964–2012. This shift appeared concurrent with temperatures reaching above-average values compared to the average of the climate normal period 1961–1990.