Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2020
Authors
Ingmar R. Staude Donald M. Waller Markus Bernhardt-Römermann Anne D. Bjorkman Jörg Brunet Pieter De Frenne Radim Hédl Ute Jandt Jonathan Lenoir František Máliš Kris Verheyen Monika Wulf Henrique M. Pereira Pieter Vangansbeke Adrienne Ortmann-Ajkai Remigiusz Pielech Imre Berki Markéta Chudomelová Guillaume Decocq Thomas Dirnböck Tomasz Durak Thilo Heinken Bogdan Jaroszewicz Martin Kopecký Martin Macek Marek Malicki Tobias Naaf Thomas A. Nagel Petr Petřík Kamila Reczyńska Fride Høistad Schei Wolfgang Schmidt Tibor Standovár Krzysztof Świerkosz Balázs Teleki Hans Van Calster Ondřej Vild Lander BaetenAbstract
Biodiversity time series reveal global losses and accelerated redistributions of species, but no net loss in local species richness. To better understand how these patterns are linked, we quantify how individual species trajectories scale up to diversity changes using data from 68 vegetation resurvey studies of seminatural forests in Europe. Herb-layer species with small geographic ranges are being replaced by more widely distributed species, and our results suggest that this is due less to species abundances than to species nitrogen niches. Nitrogen deposition accelerates the extinctions of small-ranged, nitrogen-efficient plants and colonization by broadly distributed, nitrogen-demanding plants (including non-natives). Despite no net change in species richness at the spatial scale of a study site, the losses of small-ranged species reduce biome-scale (gamma) diversity. These results provide one mechanism to explain the directional replacement of small-ranged species within sites and thus explain patterns of biodiversity change across spatial scales.
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George G. Brown Miguel Cooper Monica Kobayashi Alberto Orgiazzi Anahí Domínguez Ana Paula Dias Turetta André L.C. Franco Andrey S. Zaitsev Anne Winding Bente Føreid Brajesh K. Singh Carlos Guerra Claudia Rojas David Spurgeon Ece Aksoy Fátima Maria Moreira Francisco Bautista Jianming Xu Johannes Rousk José Camilo Bedano Joseph D. Bagyaraj Krishna Saxena Laura Fernanda Simões da Silva Leho Tedersoo Loren Byrne Mac A. Callaham Madhu Choudhary M. Fernanda Aller Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo Maria Fuensanta García Orenes Maria Tsiafouli Marie de Graaf Miranda M Hart Moses Thuita Nancy Karanja Nathalie Fromin Nico Eisenhauer Nobuhiro Kaneko Pauline Mele Pilar Andres Pastor Raul Ochoa-Hueso Roman Kuperman Stephen Ichami Steven J. Fonte Thomas Ward Crowther Vinisa Saynes Santillan Yunuen Tapia TorresAbstract
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Lélis A. Carlos-Júnior Joel C. Creed Rob Marrs Rob J. Lewis Timothy P. Moulton Rafael Feijó-Lima Matthew SpencerAbstract
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Hendrik Andersen Jan Cermak Julia Fuchs Peter Knippertz Marco Gaetani Julian Quinting Sebastian Sippel Roland VogtAbstract
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Recent discoveries have highlighted multiple mitotically and meiotically inherited alterations in gene expression that could not be explained solely by changes in the DNA sequence but were acknowledged as epigenetic. The modern view on epigenetics considers it as an integral part of genetics. Epigenetic mechanisms are encoded by genes in the genome and contribute to an essential part of genomic diversity, significantly extending its regulatory abilities. Epigenetic mechanisms involve molecular chromatin alterations through DNA methylation and histone modifications, as well as, complex non-coding RNAs and related enzyme machinery leading to changes in gene expression and resulting in changing phenotypes. In plants, epigenetic mechanisms may occur over their lifetime and across multiple generations, and can contribute substantially to phenotypic plasticity, stress responses, disease resistance, acclimation and adaptation to habitat conditions. In this review, we summarize recent advances with regards to Norway spruce epigenomics. We first consider the large size of the spruce genome that is linked to epigenetic mechanisms and why epigenomics is vitally important for spruce. Then, we discuss the molecular machinery supporting epigenetic mechanisms in Norway spruce and putative gene models involved. We presume substantial extension of gene families of epigenetic regulators and non-coding RNAs, especially in reproductive tissues. Norway spruce was the first species among forest trees in which epigenetic memory and epigenetic mechanisms were studied. The induction of an epigenetic memory during sexual reproduction and somatic embryogenesis has been described in Norway spruce. We discuss the latest results of epigenomic variation and epigenetic memory studies in Norway spruce and define the future perspectives for epigenetic studies. However, there is still a long way to decipher how the epigenetic mechanisms are involved in maintaining the stability of the spruce epigenome, how the epigenome is set to produce the epigenetic memory phenomenon and how these may result in an increased rate of adaptation to a changing environment.