Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2024
Authors
Jarle W. Bjerke Kristin Magnussen Ryan Bright Ståle Navrud Rasmus Erlandsson Eirik Aasmo Finne Hans TømmervikAbstract
Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) pastoralism utilizes vast boreo-arctic taiga and tundra as grazing land. Highly fluctuating population sizes pose major challenges to the economy and livelihood of indigenous herder communities. In this study we investigated the effect of population fluctuations on core provisioning and regulating ecosystem services in two Sámi reindeer herding districts with contrasting fluctuation trends. We compared 50-year long time series on herd size, meat production, forage productivity, carbon footprint, and CO2-equivalence metrics for surface albedo change based on the radiative forcing concept. Our results show, for both districts, that the economic benefits from the provisioning services were higher than the costs from the regulating services. Still, there were major contrasts; the district with moderate and stable reindeer density gained nearly the double on provisioning services per unit area. The costs from increasing heat absorption due to reduction in surface albedo caused by replacement of high-reflective lichens with low-reflective woody plants, was 10.5 times higher per unit area in the district with large fluctuations. Overall, the net economic benefits per unit area were 237 % higher in the district with stable reindeer density. These results demonstrate that it is possible to minimize trade-offs between economic benefits from reindeer herding locally and global economic costs in terms of climate-regulating services by minimizing fluctuations in herds that are managed at sustainable densities.
Authors
Klemens Schadauer Rasmus Astrup Johannes Breidenbach Jonas Fridman Stephan Gräber Michael Köhl Kari T. Korhonen Vivian Kvist Johannsen Francois Morneau Risto Päivinen Thomas RiedelAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Liv Hatleli Gilpin Dag Røen Marian Schubert Jahn Davik Kimmo Rumpunen Kristina Alme Gardli Stein Harald Hjeltnes Muath K AlsheikhAbstract
No abstract has been registered
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Authors
Jihong Liu ClarkeAbstract
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Authors
Sara A Meier Melanie Furrer Nora Nowak Renato Zenobi Monica Alterskjær Sundset Reto Huber Steven A. Brown Gabriela WagnerAbstract
Reindeer in the Arctic seasonally suppress daily circadian patterns of behavior present in most animals. In humans and mice, even when all daily behavioral and environmental influences are artificially suppressed, robust endogenous rhythms of metabolism governed by the circadian clock persist and are essential to health. Disrupted rhythms foster metabolic disorders and weight gain. To understand circadian metabolic organization in reindeer, we performed behavioral measurements and untargeted metabolomics from blood plasma samples taken from Eurasian tundra reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) across 24 h at 2-h intervals in four seasons. Our study confirmed the absence of circadian rhythms of behavior under constant darkness in the Arctic winter and constant daylight in the Arctic summer, as reported by others.1 We detected and measured the intensity of 893 metabolic features in all plasma samples using untargeted ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). A core group of metabolites (66/893 metabolic features) consistently displayed 24-h rhythmicity. Most metabolites displayed a robust 24-h rhythm in winter and spring but were arrhythmic in summer and fall. Half of all measured metabolites displayed ultradian sleep-wake dependence in summer. Irrespective of the arrhythmic behavior, metabolism is rhythmic (24 h) in seasons of low food availability, potentially favoring energy efficiency. In seasons of food abundance, 24-h rhythmicity in metabolism is drastically reduced, again irrespective of behavioral rhythms, potentially fostering weight gain.
Authors
Emmanuel O. Anedo Dennis Beesigamukama Benson Mochoge Nicholas K. Korir Solveig Haukeland Xavier Cheseto Sevgan Subramanian Segenet Kelemu Chrysantus M. TangaAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Binbin Xiang Maciej Wielgosz Theodora Kontogianni Torben Peters Stefano Puliti Rasmus Astrup Konrad SchindlerAbstract
No abstract has been registered