Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2002
Authors
Halvor Torgersen Torstein LislandAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Erlend Ystrøm Haartveit Dag FjeldAbstract
Two games, called “Wood Supply Games”, are developed based on the structure and dynamics of the Beer Game. The games are intended as student exercises in forestry logistics courses. By introducing divergent and convergent flows in the supply chain, the relevance to the forest sector is increased. Results from pilot experiments of the games are presented and discussed in terms of how different degrees of complexity in supply chain structures may affect their efficiency. Measures of efficiency are accumulated costs, amplification of demand and the sample variance of order rates. Results indicate that supply chain performance is negatively affected by increasing rigidity of constraints at points of divergence. Furthermore, lower degrees of efficiency and predictability are observed as complexity of supply chain structure increases. Testing of results and proposed hypotheses can be accomplished by running numerous replications of the games, or alternatively, by development of appropriate simulation models.
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Abstract
Norwegian fluid milk consumption has declined steadily over the last twenty years, despite the dairy industry spending increasing amounts of money on advertising. Using a two-stage model, we investigate whether advertising has increased the demand for milk. No effect of advertising on the demand for non-alcoholic beverages is found in the first stage. In the second stage, an almost ideal demand system including advertising expenditures on competing beverages is estimated. The effects of generic advertising within the beverage group are positive and significant for whole milk and negative and significant for lower fat milk. The own-advertising elasticity for the combined fluid milk group is 0.0008. This highly inelastic elasticity suggests that increased advertising will not be profitable for the producers. Several cross-advertising effects are statistically significant, emphasizing the usefulness of a demand system approach.
Authors
Dan AamlidAbstract
No abstract has been registered
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Tore SkrøppaAbstract
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Lars Sandved Dalen Carl Gunnar Fossdal R. Bhalerao John Beck Jensen Teemu H. TeeriAbstract
Trær dekker over en tredjedel av jordas landareal og står for over to tredjedeler av den globale fotosyntesen. Barskogen i Alaska, Canada, Russland og Norden spenner over 1,2 milliarder hektar og utgjør en fjerdedel av det samlede landarealet til boreal og temperert skog. Mer enn 50% av landarealet i Norden er dekket av skog, for det meste barskog. Det er derfor svært viktig å skaffe kunnskap om bartrærnes responser til biotiske og abiotiske faktorer - både vitenskaplig men også fra et praktisk ståsted. Å samle såkalte Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) utgjør en viktig del av funksjonell genomforskning. Tilfeldig utvalgte cDNA-kloner blir delvis sekvensert, og EST-ene gjenspeiler sammensetningen og nivået på genuttrykket i det vevet som analyseres. I jakten etter interessante genprodukter og muligheter for å kunne studere genuttrykket i gran - den mest vanlige og økonomisk sett viktigste arten i de nordiske skoger - har vi startet et eget EST-prosjekt sammen med samarbeidspartnere i Finland og Sverige. Så langt har vi sekvensert ~3500 cDNA-kloner basert på mRNA isolert fra nåler og cellekulturer. Her presenterer vi frekvensen av de ulike EST-ene, deres sannsynlige funksjon og funksjonelle klassifisering. Målet vårt er å sekvensere ytterligere 20 000 - 30 000 cDNA-kloner fra veddannende vev, fra frøplanter utsatt for tørke, lave temperaturer, patogeninfeksjon etc. samt fra cellekulturer. Vårt langsiktige mål er å utvikle en velkurert og annotert samling av grankloner som kan brukes i forbindelse med mikromatrisestudier.
Authors
Gro HylenAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Ari Pappinen Kim von Weissenberg H. Pasonen J. RikkinenAbstract
No abstract has been registered