Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2010
Sammendrag
Dormancy release as influenced by duration of outdoor winter chilling in Florence (Italy) was studied under different photoperiodic and temperature treatments in collected twigs of two European (Ulmus glabra Huds. and Ulmus minor Mill.) and four Asian (Ulmus pumila L., Ulmus parvifolia Jacq., Ulmus macrocarpa Hance and Ulmus villosa Brandis) elm clones. Photoperiod had no effect on dormancy release, and there was no evidence that photoperiod affected bud burst during quiescence in the studied elm clones. Thermal time (day degrees >0 °C) to bud burst decreased in all the clones with increasing outdoor chilling. Although all the clones exhibited a rather weak dormancy, they significantly differed from each other. Dormancy was released earlier in the Asian than in the European clones, and the clones could be ranked from the U. pumila clone (very weak and short dormancy) to the U. minor clone (relatively stronger and longer dormancy), the other clones being intermediate. In all the clones except U. minor, the observed decrement in thermal time to bud burst was efficiently explained as an inverse exponential function of the number of chill days ≤5 °C received outdoor in autumn and winter. Endodormancy, as measured by the single-node cuttings test, was weak and short in all the clones. The latter result suggests that correlative inhibitions were largely responsible for preventing bud burst during winter in these elm clones.
Forfattere
Harald Bratli Per Magnus Jørgensen Reidar Haugan John Inge JohnsenSammendrag
Catapyrenium psoromoides has been discovered in three localities in southern Norway, in Aust-Agder (Åmli), Hedmark (Ringsaker) and Rogaland (Rennesøy). In Aust-Agder and Rogaland it occurred on Ulmus glabra in a wood pasture and an open deciduous forest. In Hedmark the species was found on a calcareous rock outcrop. These finds fill in the distribution gap between Scotland and Sweden and confirm that the species is nemoral to southern boreal with oceanic tendencies. The preference for big, broad-leaved trees in the Atlantic-Mediterranean part of the distribution area is pointed out.
Forfattere
Harald Bratli Per Magnus Jørgensen Reidar Haugan John Inge JohnsenSammendrag
No abstract has been registered
Forfattere
Rolf Rødven Rolf Anker Ims Nigel YoccozSammendrag
No abstract has been registered
Forfattere
Carola Strassner Melanie Lukas Anne-Kristin LøesSammendrag
In the iPOPY project (innovative Public Organic food Procurement for Youth), one of the tasks was to map the challenges linked to the supply chains of organic food, and to which extent the participating countries have developed any form of certification of out-of-home food serving. For primary production and processing, regulations have been developed on the EU level. Norway, as a member of the EEA, is obliged to follow these EU regulations. However, the EU regulations on organic agriculture do not comprise catering, restaurants and other out-of-home food service. Hence, various countries have developed different systems to certify e.g. restaurants wanting to market their organic menus. This report describes the systems in Denmark, Finland, Italy, Norway and Germany. Germany has been used as a reference, since this country is especially familiar to the first author of the report, Dr. Carola Strassner, due to former work and analyses. The report is based on information acquired from certification bodies and experts in each country by questionnaires communicated via e-mail, and subsequent telephone interviews.
Forfattere
Anne Moxnes Jervell Asbjørn VeidalSammendrag
No abstract has been registered
Sammendrag
No abstract has been registered
Sammendrag
No abstract has been registered
Sammendrag
Modification of wood with furfuryl alcohol or furfuryl alcohol prepolymer leads to a wood product with increased decay resistance, hardness and dimensional stability. In normal application, i.e. under Use Class 3 conditions, furfurylated wood can be regarded as non-toxic. This has earlier been demonstrated by toxic hazard tests on water leachates using relevant leaching procedures, e.g. the OECD Guideline 313 or the Dutch shower test procedure. These leachates showed slight to no toxicity towards standard aquatic test organisms. However, when using forced leaching procedures with limited amount of water such as the EN 84 procedure, slight to moderate toxicity to the same test organisms was observed, depending on furfurylation process. Furthermore, earlier studies have shown that leachates from wood treated with furfuryl alcohol pre-polymers have higher toxicity to Vibrio fischeri (luminescent marine bacterium) than leachates from wood treated with furfuryl alcohol monomers and that this probably is attributed to differences in leaching of chemical compounds. The ambition of the present study, was to investigate which chemical compounds in the leachates causes toxicity to the aquatic organisms V. fischeri and Daphnia magna (water flea). In this study five different wood species, both hardwoods and softwoods, treated with three different furfurylation processes, were leached according to two different leaching methods. The study shows that this difference in toxicity of leachates towards V. fischeri most likely cannot be attributed to maleic acid, furan, furfural, furfuryl alcohol or 2-furoic acid. However, the difference in toxicity might be caused by the substance 2,5-furandimethanol. Leachates from furfurylated wood still need to be investigated further in order to identify the chemical differences between wood furfurylated with furfuryl alcohol monomers and furfuryl alcohol prepolymer causing differences in toxicity to different organisms.
Forfattere
Tuula Kantola Mikko Vastaranta Xiaowei Yu Paivi Lyytikainen-Saarenmaa Markus Holopainen Mervi Talvitie Sanna Kaasalainen Svein Solberg Juha HyyppäSammendrag
Climate change and rising temperatures have been observed to be related to the increase of forest insect damage in the boreal zone. The common pine sawfly (Diprion pini L.) (Hymenoptera, Diprionidae) is regarded as a significant threat to boreal pine forests. Defoliation by D. pini can cause severe growth loss and tree mortality in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) (Pinaceae). In this study, logistic LASSO regression, Random Forest (RF) and Most Similar Neighbor method (MSN) were investigated for predicting the defoliation level of individual Scots pines using the features derived from airborne laser scanning (ALS) data and aerial images. Classification accuracies from 83.7% (kappa 0.67) to 88.1% (kappa 0.76) were obtained depending on the method. The most accurate result was produced using RF with a combination of data from the two sensors, while the accuracies when using ALS and image features separately were 80.7% and 87.4%, respectively. Evidently, the combination of ALS and aerial images in detecting needle losses is capable of providing satisfactory estimates for individual trees.