Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2016
Authors
Eivind Vangdal Alena Gibalova Jorunn Børve Iren Knutsen Mojca Korošec Rajko Vidrih Per Gustav Anders LeufvénAbstract
Aroma is an important quality factor in fruit, and it is important to know the effect of new orchard management practices on fruit aroma. Fruit growers are using more foliar fertilizers to achieve the optimum mineral status in fruit. In this work the effects of adding extra nitrogen, calcium and both nitrogen and calcium to apple trees in the fruit cell division phase were studied. Even though the given nitrogen and calcium did not give significantly higher content of N and Ca in the treated fruits, differences in the contents of some aroma compounds were found. Nitrogen treated trees gave apples with more hexanal, a compound known in unripe ("green, grassy") apples. When both calcium and nitrogen were applied, the negative effect of nitrogen on aroma compounds was less pronounced. The aroma of these fruits was more similar to the controls. Using multivariate statistical analyses, the grouping of the different treatments during storage was confirmed. Foliar fertilization with nitrogen and calcium during the cell division phase had a significant effect on the amount of aroma compounds in apples at harvest and during storage.
Authors
Guro BrodalAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Tomasz Leszek Woznicki Anita Sønsteby Kjersti Aaby Berit Karoline Martinsen Ola M. Heide Anne-Berit Wold Siv Fagertun RembergAbstract
BACKGROUND Marked effects of the climatic environment on fruit chemical composition have often been demonstrated in field experiments. However, complex covariations of several climatic factors in the natural environment complicate the interpretation of such experiments and the identification of the causal factors. This can be better achieved in a phytotron where the various climatic factors can be varied systematically. Therefore, we grew four black currant cultivars of contrasting origin in a phytotron under controlled post-flowering temperature and photoperiod conditions and analysed the berries for their ascorbic acid, sugar and organic acid contents. RESULTS The analyses revealed significant effects of genotype on all investigated compounds. Particularly large cultivar differences were observed in the concentrations of l-ascorbic acid (AA) and sucrose. The concentrations of both AA and dehydroascorbic acid (DHAA), as well as the concentrations of all major sugars, decreased consistently with an increasing temperature over the temperature range 12–24 °C. Fructose and glucose were the predominant sugars with concentrations several fold higher than that for sucrose. AA was the main contributor to the total ascorbate pool in black currant berries. The AA/DHAA ratio varied from 5.6 to 10.3 among the studied cultivars. The concentration of citric acid, which was the predominant organic acid in black currant berries, increased with an increasing temperature, whereas the opposite trend was observed for malic and shikimic acid. Quninic acid was always present at relatively low concentrations. By contrast, photoperiod had no significant effect on berry content of any of the investigated compounds. CONCLUSION It is concluded that the post-flowering temperature has marked effects on the concentration of important chemical compounds responsible for taste and nutritional value of black currant berries, whereas photoperiod has no such effect in the studied cultivars. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
Bangladesh often suffers from droughts and floods that cause substantial harm to households and communities. The frequency of such events is expected to increase with climate change. Assessing the vulnerability to climate change is a promising evaluation tool that can assist in identifying and improving adaptation strategies at various geographical scales. In this paper, we examine the vulnerability status of two regions in Bangladesh, one in the north, which is frequently impacted by severe droughts, and one in the south, which is exposed to regular flooding, high water, and salinity. We evaluate the exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity of each region using demographic, agro-economic, infrastructural, and biophysical indicators. We consider information obtained in a literature review, interviews with local experts, household surveys, and field visits in the study areas. We use principal components analysis to assess vulnerability to climate change between and within the north and south regions. The flood-prone, saline region in the south appears less vulnerable to climate change the northern drought prone areas, although further validation is needed.
Authors
Rolf Nestby Ilian Badjakov I. Dincheva V. Kindakova R. BatchvarovaAbstract
In this study we present Our initial results on the assessment of Genetic diversity among Wild Bulgarian berry accessions (Rubus idaeus L. Fragaria vesca L. Vaccinium vitis-Idaea L. Vaccinium myrtillus L.)using Random Amplified Polymophic DNA (RAPDs) markers. Leaves and fruits were collected from two Natural habitats - the Balkan Mountain and the Mountain of Orpheus - Rhodope Mountain. All asseccions were screened for their polymorphism using five RAPD primers. The phylogenetic distance calculated from RAPD data ranged from0.29 to 0.82 thus indicating that a high Level of gene diversity is present in the selected genotypes. In order to characterize further the structure and grouping of berry accessions a dendrogram deriving from UPGMA cluster analysis based on the basic similarity (GS) coefficient Matrix was designed. RADP analysis provided to be efficient for discrimination of accessions within the same species With similar morphological characters.
Authors
Leif Sundheim Åshild Ergon Christer Magnusson Jan Netland Egil Prestløkken Arild Sletten May Sæthre Elin Thingnæs Lid Tron Øystein Gifstad Micael Wendell Guro Brodal Halvor Solheim Anne Marte Tronsmo Bjørn Økland Trond RafossAbstract
No abstract has been registered
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No abstract has been registered
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No abstract has been registered
Authors
John Christian Gaby Jeremy Frank Espen Govasmark Live Heldal Hagen Lisa Paruch Linn Solli Phillip Pope Svein Jarle HornAbstract
No abstract has been registered