Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2023
Authors
N. Leclercq L. Marshall T. Weekers P. Basu D. Benda D. Bevk R. Bhattacharya P. Bogusch A. Bontšutšnaja L. Bortolotti N. Cabirol E. Calderón-Uraga R. Carvalho S. Castro S. Chatterjee La De La Cruz Alquicira Miranda de Miranda T. Dirilgen A. Dorchin K. Dorji B. Drepper S. Flaminio J. Gailis M. Galloni H. Gaspar M.W. Gikungu Bjørn Arild Hatteland I. Hinojosa-Diaz L. Hostinská B.G. Howlett K.-L.J. Hung L. Hutchinson R.O. Jesus N. Karklina M.S. Khan J. Loureiro X. Men J.-M. Molenberg S. Mudri-Stojnić P. Nikolic E. Normandin J. Osterman F. Ouyang Åsne Skjøtskift Øygarden L. Ozolina-Pole N. Ozols A. Parra Saldivar R.J. Paxton T. Pitts-Singer K. Poveda K. Prendergast M. Quaranta S.F.J. Read Stefanie Reinhardt M. Rojas-Oropeza C. Ruiz M. Rundlöf A. Sade C. Sandberg F. Sgolastra S.F. Shah M.A. Shebl V. Soon D.A. Stanley J. Straka P. Theodorou E. Tobajas J.L. Vaca-Uribe A. Vera C.A. Villagra M.-K. Williams M. Wolowski T.J. Wood Z. Yan Q. Zhang N.J. VereeckenAbstract
An essential prerequisite to safeguard pollinator species is characterisation of the multifaceted diversity of crop pollinators and identification of the drivers of pollinator community changes across biogeographical gradients. The extent to which intensive agriculture is associated with the homogenisation of biological communities at large spatial scales remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated diversity drivers for 644 bee species/morphospecies in 177 commercial apple orchards across 33 countries and four global biogeographical biomes. Our findings reveal significant taxonomic dissimilarity among biogeographical zones. Interestingly, despite this dissimilarity, species from different zones share similar higher-level phylogenetic groups and similar ecological and behavioural traits (i.e. functional traits), likely due to habitat filtering caused by perennial monoculture systems managed intensively for crop production. Honey bee species dominated orchard communities, while other managed/manageable and wild species were collected in lower numbers. Moreover, the presence of herbaceous, uncultivated open areas and organic management practices were associated with increased wild bee diversity. Overall, our study sheds light on the importance of large-scale analyses contributing to the emerging fields of functional and phylogenetic diversity, which can be related to ecosystem function to promote biodiversity as a key asset in agroecosystems in the face of global change pressures.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
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No abstract has been registered
Abstract
Taper models, which describe the shape of tree stems, are central to estimating stem volume. Literature provides both taper- and volume models for the three main species in Norway, Norway spruce, Scots pine, and birch. These models, however, were mainly developed using approaches established over 50 years ago, and without consistency between taper and volume. We tested eleven equations for taper and six equations for bark thickness. The models were fitted and evaluated using a large dataset covering all forested regions in Norway. The selected models were converted into volume functions using numerical integration, providing both with- and without-bark volumes and compared to the volume functions in operational use. Taper models resulted in root mean squared error (RMSE) of 7.2, 7.9, and 9.0 mm for spruce, pine, and birch respectively. Bark thickness models resulted in RMSE of 2.5, 6.1, and 4.1 mm, for spruce, pine, and birch respectively. Validation of volume models with bark resulted in RMSE of 12.7%, 13.0%, and 19.7% for spruce, pine, and birch respectively. Additional variables, tree age, site index, elevation, and live crown proportion, were tested without resulting in any strong increase in predictive power.
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Authors
Mirjam Vujadinović Mandić Ana Vuković Vimić Milica Fotirić Akšić Mekjell MelandAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Aaron N. Koop Daniel R. Hirmas Sharon A. Billings Li Li Alejandro Cueva Xi Zhang Hang Wen Attila Nemes Lígia F.T. Souza Hoori Ajami Alejandro N. Flores Aoesta K. Rudick Annalise Guthrie Lola M. Klamm Micah Unruh Pamela L. SullivanAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Ji Liu Yi Wang Yong Li Josep Peñuelas Ying Zhao Jordi Sardans Doerthe Tetzlaff Jian Liu Xinliang Liu Hongzhao Yuan Yanyan Li Ji Chen Jinshui WuAbstract
Whether and how to synchronously regulate stream water nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations and ratios is a major challenge for sustainable aquatic functions. Soil carbon (C):N:P ratios influence soil N and P stocks and biogeochemical processes that elicit subsequent substantial impacts on stream water N and P concentrations and ratios. Therefore, bridging soil and stream water with ecological stoichiometry is one of the most promising technologies for improving stream water quality. Here, we quantified the ecological stoichiometry of soil and stream water relationships across nine catchments. Soil C:P ratio was the main driver of water quality, showing negative correlations with stream water N and P concentrations, and positive correlations with the N:P ratio in P-limited catchments. We revealed that soil C:P ratios higher than 97.8 mol mol−1 are required to achieve the simultaneous regulation of stream water N and P concentrations below the eutrophication threshold and make algal growth P-limited. Furthermore, we found that the relationships between catchment landscape and soil ecological stoichiometry likely provided practical options for regulating soil ecological stoichiometry. Our work highlights that soil ecological stoichiometry can effectively indicate the amount and proportion of soil N and P losses, and can be intervened through rational landscape planning to achieve sustainable aquatic ecosystems in catchments.
Abstract
Modern apple growing requires relatively often orchard replacement due to release of superior cultivars or introduction of new growing technologies. Most of intensive apples orchards are established in the same site where apple trees were cultivated for a long period. Continuous cultivation of the same crop causes stress to plants and often leads to abnormal plant development and decreased productivity what is known as apple replant disease (ARD). Due to ban of chemical soil disinfection, other strategies how to overcome ARD must be developed. Rootstock is becoming to be one of the most important factors to solve this problem and one of the targets of new rootstock breeding programs is rootstock resistance or tolerance to ARD. Different origin and genetic background of rootstocks led to suggest that their adaptiveness to replanted soil will be different. EUFRIN (European fruit research institutes network) Apple and pear cultivar and rootstock testing group established replant trials in several European countries where new apple rootstocks from USA, Great Britain, Poland and Russia are tested. Current paper presents results of the trial performed at the Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry in 2017-2021. On average of all rootstocks apple trees planted in the fresh soil were by 35% more vigorous and gave 71% higher yield. After the evaluation of tree growth and productivity characters rootstocks ‘G.41’ and ‘G.11’ were the most tolerant to ARD. Trees on rootstocks ‘G.935, ‘Cepiland-Pajam®2’ and ‘EM_02’ had significantly lower yields in replant soil, while tree growth was most stunted on ‘62-396-B10®’ and ‘EM_02’.