Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2017
Authors
Xiaojie Liu Kenny Bogaert Aschwin H. Engelen Frederik Leliaert Michael Roleda Olivier De ClerckAbstract
Knowledge of life cycle progression and reproduction of seaweeds transcends pure academic interest. Successful and sustainable seaweed exploitation and domestication will indeed require excellent control of the factors controlling growth and reproduction. The relative dominance of the ploidy-phases and their respective morphologies, however, display tremendous diversity. Consequently, the ecological and endogenous factors controlling life cycles are likely to be equally varied. A vast number of research papers addressing theoretical, ecological and physiological aspects of reproduction have been published over the years. Here, we review the current knowledge on reproductive strategies, trade-offs of reproductive effort in natural populations, and the environmental and endogenous factors controlling reproduction. Given that the majority of ecophysiological studies predate the “-omics” era, we examine the extent to which this knowledge of reproduction has been, or can be, applied to further our knowledge of life cycle control in seaweeds.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Michael RoledaAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Ingunn M. VågenAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Ingunn M. VågenAbstract
Genetic resources of pea (Pisum sativum) may represent valuable traits for inclusion in breeding programs, but may also be valuable directly due to good adaptation to local agro-climatic conditions, or have market potential as heirloom foods. Grain legume production in Norway is limited compared to many other European countries, but increased acreage is desired and expected for several reasons. A short growing season and the specific agro-climatic conditions makes choice of genotypes important for reliable grain and protein yields. During three years, several evaluation field trials with pea genetic resources were carried out in Southern Norway, assessing morphological and phenological traits, seed yields and protein levels. The trials included pea accessions from Norway(1), Sweden(6), Finland(1), Latvia(8), Estonia(9) and Portugal(1), as well as commercial cultivars(6). The genotypes differed widely in grain yield, time and duration of flowering, maturity, plant height, and resistance to lodging. Seed protein levels ranged from 24.0 to 32.7%. Protein levels for these pea genotypes under Norwegian field conditions appear to be higher than in comparable trials in countries at lower latitudes. The research was supported by the EU FP7 project Eurolegume and NordGen (Nordic Genetic Resource Center).
Authors
Grethe Iren Andersen Borge Ingunn M. Vågen Gerd Guren Fredd Vergara Gesine Schmidt Sidsel Fiskaa Hagen Kristine S. Myhrer Paula VarelaAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Ingunn M. VågenAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Trond Løvdal Ferruh Erdogu Bart van Droogenbroeck Ingunn M. Vågen Agnieszka Bartoszek Christine Vos Inge Hanssen Giovanni Agati Stanislaw Kaniszewski Dagbjørn Skipnes Mustafa Tutar Romain Larbat Christophe RobinAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Johannes M. Baveco Anne Kari Bergjord Olsen Jarle W. Bjerke Magda E. Chudzinska Loïc Pellissier Caroline E. Simonsen Jesper Madsen Ingunn Tombre Bart A. NoletAbstract
Many goose species feed on agricultural land, and with growing goose numbers, conflicts with agriculture are increasing. One possible solution is to designate refuge areas where farmers are paid to leave geese undisturbed. Here, we present a generic modelling tool that can be used to designate the best locations for refuges and to gauge the area needed to accommodate the geese. With a species distribution model, locations are ranked according to goose suitability. The size of the area to be designated as refuge can be chosen by including more or less suitable locations. A resource depletion model is then used to estimate whether enough resources are available within the designated refuge to accommodate all geese, taking into account the dynamics of food resources, including depletion by geese. We illustrate this with the management scheme for pink-footed goose Anser brachyrhynchus implemented in Norway. Here, all geese can be accommodated, but damage levels appear to depend on weather, land use and refuge size.
Abstract
1.A large population increase of the Svalbard-breeding pink-footed goose Anser brachyrhynchus over recent decades has intensified the conflict with agriculture at the spring-staging sites in Norway. Knowledge of the yield loss caused by goose grazing in these northern areas is lacking, and the motivation behind the study was to quantify a relationship between grazing pressure and yield loss of agricultural grasslands and corresponding changes in vegetation composition. 2.Field trials were established on agricultural grasslands at four sites in central Norway. Eight plots were established at each site; four with exclosures to exclude or reduce grazing from geese and four with access for the geese. The exact same plots were followed for 2–4 years. Dropping density, used as a measure of grazing pressure, and compressed sward height were recorded throughout the goose staging periods, and dry matter yield was determined at first and second harvests. Plant samples from first harvests were analysed for vegetation composition. 3.Grazing pressure varied between both years and sites. Exclosures reduced grazing pressure by 75–78% during high-pressure grazing periods and increased first harvest yields by up to 31%. At lower grazing pressure, exclosures prevented grazing completely. Grazing pressure was inversely correlated with dry matter yield at first harvest, but second harvest yields were unaffected. 4.The fraction of sown species declined while the fraction of weeds increased during the study both in open plots and exclosures, but level of grazing pressure did not have any significant influence on the overall fraction of sown species, or in any specific year. 5.Synthesis and applications. As the same plots were measured over several years, it was possible to quantify goose-grazing effects beyond one season. In the context of the wildlife-agriculture conflict, the results demonstrate that some farmers always suffer disproportionately with yearly variations. The relationship between grazing pressure and yield loss may provide knowledge to a regional goose grazing subsidy scheme in the study area, identifying the most affected areas and distributing the subsidies correspondingly. However, the seasonal variations in grazing pressure demonstrate the difficulty of targeting exact areas on a yearly basis. On the other hand, the observed variations may promote another management tool in the form of delayed ploughing of stubble fields before spring sowing, as stubble fields may attract more geese, reducing the grazing pressure on agricultural grasslands and hence the overall conflicts with agricultural interests.