Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2024
Authors
Bastien Parisy Niels M. Schmidt Alyssa R. Cirtwill Edith Villa-Galaviz Mikko Tiusanen Cornelya Klutsch Paul Eric Aspholm Katrine Raundrup Eero J. Vesterinen Helena Wirta Tomas RoslinAbstract
Global environmental change may lead to changes in community structure and in species interactions, ultimately changing ecosystem functioning. Focusing on spatial variation in fungus–plant interactions across the rapidly changing Arctic, we quantified variation in the identity of interaction partners. We then related interaction turnover to variation in the bioclimatic environment by combining network analyses with general dissimilarity modelling. Overall, we found species associations to be highly plastic, with major rewiring among interaction partners across variable environmental conditions. Of this turnover, a major part was attributed to specific environmental properties which are likely to change with progressing climate change. Our findings suggest that the current structure of plant-root associated interactions may be severely altered by rapidly advancing global warming. Nonetheless, flexibility in partner choice may contribute to the resilience of the system.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Tove OrtmanAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Emil Sandström Tove Ortman Christine A Watson Jan Bengtsson Clara Gustafsson Göran BergkvistAbstract
One of the major challenges facing agricultural and food systems today is the loss of agrobiodiversity. Considering the current impasse of preventing the worldwide loss of crop diversity, this paper highlights the possibility for a radical reorientation of current legal seed frameworks that could provide more space for alternative seed systems to evolve which centre on norms that support on-farm agrobiodiversity. Understanding the underlying norms that shape seed commons are important, since norms both delimit and contribute to what ultimately will constitute the seeds and who will ultimately have access to the seeds and thus to the extent to which agrobiodiversity is upheld and supported. This paper applies a commoning approach to explore the underpinning norms of a Swedish seed commons initiative and discusses the potential for furthering agrobiodiversity in the context of wider legal and authoritative discourses on seed enclosure. The paper shows how the seed commoning system is shaped and protected by a particular set of farming norms, which allows for sharing seeds among those who adhere to the norms but excludes those who will not. The paper further illustrates how farmers have been able to navigate fragile legal and economic pathways to collectively organize around landrace seeds, which function as an epistemic farming community, that maintain landraces from the past and shape new landraces for the present, adapted to diverse agro-ecological environments for low-input agriculture. The paper reveals how the ascribed norms to the seed commons in combination with the current seed laws set a certain limit to the extent to which agrobiodiversity is upheld and supported and discusses why prescriptions of “getting institutions right” for seed governance are difficult at best, when considering the shifting socio-nature of seeds. To further increase agrobiodiversity, the paper suggests future seed laws are redirected to the sustenance of a proliferation of protected seed commoning systems that can supply locally adapted plant material for diverse groups of farmers and farming systems.
Authors
Lucas Marie-Orleach Sylvain Glémin Marie Kristine Brandrud Anne Krag Brysting Lovisa Gustafsson Abel Gizaw Seid Loren Rieseberg Christian Brochmann Siri BirkelandAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Desalegn Chala Gelete Abel Gizaw Seid Jessica P.R. Thorn Aida Cuni-Sanchez Gerald Eilu Sebsebe Demissew Claudia Hemp Andreas Hemp Christine B. Schmitt Marchant Rob Christian BrochmannAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Desalegn Chala Abel Gizaw Seid Jessica P.R. Thorn Aida Cuni-Sanchez Gerald Eilu Sebsebe Demissew Claudia Hemp Andreas Hemp Christine B. Schmitt Marchant Rob Christian BrochmannAbstract
The eastern African mountains include the ranges in the contiguous Ethiopian highlands and the solitary mountains in East/Central Africa. We describe the unique features of these mountains, the vegetation belts, and the status and biogeography of the flora and fauna. We present selected case studies on (1) giant rosette plants, the intriguing landmarks of these mountains; (2) a single mountain range endemic, the charismatic Walia Ibex Capra walie; (3) wild Arabica Coffee Coffea arabica; (4) genetic diversity of alpine plant populations, which typically is extremely low and of serious concern; and (5) services these mountains provide and challenges they face, by showcasing Mount Marsabit and the Eastern Arc Mountains. We describe how climate change, land-use change, and anthropogenic impact are affecting the biodiversity and ecosystem services of the mountains and the prevailing risks and opportunities.
Authors
Berit Arheimer Christophe Cudennec Attilio Castellarin Salvatore Grimaldi Kate V. Heal Claire Lupton Archana Sarkar Fuqiang Tian Jean-Marie Kileshye Onema Stacey Archfield Günter Blöschl Pedro L. Borges Chaffe Barry F.W. Croke Moctar Dembélé Chris Leong Ana Mijic Giovanny M. Mosquera Bertil Nlend Adeyemi O. Olusola Maria J. Polo Melody Sandells Justin Sheffield Theresa C. van Hateren Mojtaba Shafiei Soham Adla Ankit Agarwal Cristina Aguilar Jafet C.M. Andersson Cynthia Andraos Ana Andreu Francesco Avanzi Ryan R. Bart Alena Bartosova Okke Batelaan James C. Bennett Miriam Bertola Nejc Bezak Judith Boekee Thom Bogaard Martijn J. Booij Pierre Brigode Wouter Buytaert Konstantine Bziava Giulio Castelli Cyndi V. Castro Natalie C. Ceperley Sivarama K. R. Chidepudi Francis H. S. Chiew Kwok P. Chun Addisu G. DagnewAbstract
The new scientific decade (2023-2032) of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) aims at searching for sustainable solutions to undesired water conditions – whether it be too little, too much or too polluted. Many of the current issues originate from global change, while solutions to problems must embrace local understanding and context. The decade will explore the current water crises by searching for actionable knowledge within three themes: global and local interactions, sustainable solutions and innovative cross-cutting methods. We capitalise on previous IAHS Scientific Decades shaping a trilogy; from Hydrological Predictions (PUB) to Change and Interdisciplinarity (Panta Rhei) to Solutions (HELPING). The vision is to solve fundamental water-related environmental and societal problems by engaging with other disciplines and local stakeholders. The decade endorses mutual learning and co-creation to progress towards UN sustainable development goals. Hence, HELPING is a vehicle for putting science in action, driven by scientists working on local hydrology in coordination with local, regional, and global processes.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Astrid Solvåg Nesse Agnieszka Jasinska Ketil Stoknes Stine Göransson Aanrud Kristin Meland Risinggård Roland Kallenborn Trine Aulstad Sogn Tomasgaard Aasim Musa Mohamed AliAbstract
The uptake dynamics of two sulfonamide antibiotics, two fluoroquinolone antibiotics, and the anticonvulsant carbamazepine during the cultivation of two species of edible mushrooms (Agaricus subrufescens and A. bisporus) was investigated. None of the antibiotics were accumulated by the mushrooms, while carbamazepine and its transformation product carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide were taken up by A. bisporus fruiting body but only in small amounts (up to 0.76 and 1.85 μg kg−1 dry weight, respectively). The sulfonamides were quickly removed from the mushroom growth substrate, while the recalcitrant fluoroquinolones and carbamazepine were only partially removed. Dissipation half-lives were generally lower for A. subrufescens than A. bisporus, but A. subrufescens was also grown at a slightly higher culture temperature. A. subrufescens also showed a lower uptake of contaminants. Comparison of maximum dietary intake with other common exposure sources showed that these mushrooms can safely be eaten although produced on a polluted substrate, with respect to the investigated compounds.