Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
1997
Authors
Birger SolbergAbstract
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Authors
Finn Roll-Hansen Richard Horntvedt Helga Roll-HansenAbstract
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Authors
Jarmo Poikolainen E. KubinAbstract
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Abstract
Fungi were isolated from the beetles, Ips typographus f. japonicus and Yezo spruce (Picea jezoensis) trees infested with the beetles in Hokkaido, Japan. Nine species of ophiostomatoid fungi including one new species were identied. They were Ceratocystiopsis minuta, Ceratocystis polonica, Ophiostoma ainoae, O. bicolor, O. cucullatum, O. europhioides, O. penicillatum, O. piceae, and a new species described here as O. japonicum. Based on frequencies of occurrence, O. ainoae, O. bicolor, O. penicillatum, and O. piceae were regarded as dominant associates of I. typographus japonicus, and C. minuta, C. polonica, O. europhinoides, and O. japonicum were subdominant. The species of ophiostomatoid fungi associated with I. typographus japonicus in Japan are almost identical to those associated with I. typographus infesting Norway spruce (P. abies) in Europe. This study improves our knowledge of the biogeography of the ophiostomatoid fungi and the insects with which they are associated.
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Abstract
Pole-size Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) were inoculated with two fungi (Ophiostoma pseudotsugae (Rumb.) von Arx and Leptographium abietinum (Peck) Wingf.) associated with the Douglas-fir beetle (Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins) to evaluate their pathogenicity. Pruning the lowermost 30% of the live crown had no effect on host tree defenses. Inoculation with O. pseudotsugae produced significantly longer lesions in the phloem and resulted in a significantly greater percentage of necrotic phloem than inoculation with L. abietinum. The percentage of occluded sapwood was also greater following O. pseudotsugae inoculations, but the difference was not statistically significant. Individual lesion lengths declined significantly with increasing inoculation density, but the total percentage of necrotic phloem increased significantly. Both fungi appeared to be better adapted to grow in sapwood than in phloem. None of the inoculated trees were dead after 5 months, but some were chlorotic with less than 30% functional sapwood within the inoculation band. The results suggest that these fungi may assist the Douglas-fir beetle in overcoming the defenses of live trees.
Abstract
The pathogenicity of the blue-stain fungi Ceratocystis rufipenni Wingfield, Harrington & Solheim and Leptographium abietinum (Peck) Wingf., associated with the spruce beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby)), was evaluated after inoculation of 35 Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carrière) trees at densities of 200, 400, and 800 inoculation points/m2 in a 60-cm band at breast height. Trees were felled 5 months after inoculation to assess fungal infection and pathogenicity. Ten trees inoculated with C. rufipenni at the two highest densities were rated as dead at the time of harvesting whereas all trees inoculated with L. abietinum were rated as surviving or survival uncertain. Inoculation with C. rufipenni produced significantly longer lesions in the phloem and killed significantly more phloem than did L. abietinum. For both fungi, the percentage of dead phloem increased with increasing inoculation density. The percentage of occluded sapwood increased with increasing inoculation density of C. rufipenni, and all sapwood was occluded at 800 inoculations/m2. Inoculation with L. abietinum resulted in approximately 25% occluded sapwood and the occlusion was not affected by inoculation density. Ceratocystis rufipenni may contribute considerably to overwhelm spruce trees infested by D. rufipennis.
Authors
François Lieutier Franck Brignolas Daniel Sauvard C. Galet A. Yart M. Brunet Erik Christiansen Halvor Solheim Alan A. BerrymanAbstract
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No abstract has been registered