Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2010
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Peder GjerdrumAbstract
This presentation describes the Conifer Heartwood rule, i.e. the constant difference between the square root of the cambial age and the number of heartwood rings. This difference seems to be an inherent property of each species, irrespective of stand or site characteristics, or for location in the tree. When needed, heartwood can be identified by means of IR ecposures or chemical indicators.
Authors
Carina E. Johansen Christian Lydersen Paul E. Aspholm tore Haug Kit M. KovacsAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Peder Gjerdrum Bjarne HamarAbstract
Commercial timber sawing is always done in trade-off between yield and capacity, between cost of raw material and of production. Accurate knowledge of the dimensions for every single log is needed for successful breakdown. Traditionally, mills sawing to customers\" order, i.e. timber lots of given dimension and quality, start the breakdown process by scaling and sorting unbarked logs. However, accuracy can be greatly improved if scaled after barking. Scaling barked logs to adapt sawing pattern to each log inevitably slows down production speed, and also produces a variety of sawn boards besides the ordered one. The goal of the project described in this paper was to optimise the yield while maintaining high capacity and sawing to order. A modern, medium-sized sawmill producing ca. 60 000 m3 spruce timber annually was about to renew the sawlog intake. A two-stage log scaling/sorting and sawing twin mini-series was concluded. The first stage is the traditional sorting of unbarked logs. In the new intake, when the order is to be produced, logs are debarked before a second scaling with a 3D scanner based on laser beams reflected from the smooth and bright log surface. Logs are directed to either of two log decks, or buffers, each of ca. 25 logs, and sawn in twin mini-series alternating between the two. Sorting criteria might be purely diameter, log length, quality prediction generated from log geometry, or a combination. The sawn timber yield was increased by up to 3 000 m3 annually, corresponding to the contribution margin improved by 3 mill. NOK or more. Production speed is increased by ca. 4%, but producing two orders simultaneously increases planning complexity, requiring additional training for involved personnel. It can be concluded that the chosen set-up: Two-stage log sorting with accurate scaling in the final sorting and sawing twin orders in alternating twin mini-series, has proved successful with respect to sawn timber recovery and production capacity.
Authors
Line Emilie Sverdrup Christine Bjørge Ole Martin Eklo Torsten Källqvist Ingeborg Klingen Marit Låg Edgar Rivedal Erik Ropstad Steinar Øvrebø Merete GrungAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Kristine Marie Olsen Alain Hehn Hélène Jugdé Rune Slimestad Romain Larbat Frédéric Bourgaud Cathrine LilloAbstract
Conclusions: CYP75A31 (NCBI accession number GQ904194), encodes a flavonoid 3'5'-hydroxylase, which accepts flavones, flavanones, dihydroflavonols and flavonols as substrates. The expression of the CYP75A31 gene was found to increase in response to nitrogen deprivation, in accordance with other genes in the phenylpropanoid pathway, as expected for a gene involved in flavonoid metabolism.
Abstract
Information retrieval from spatiotemporal data cubes is key to earth system sciences. Respective analyses need to consider two fundamental issues: First, natural phenomena fluctuate on different time scales. Second, these characteristic temporal patterns induce multiple geographical gradients. Here we propose an integrated approach of subsignal extraction and dimensionality reduction to extract geographical gradients on multiple time scales. The approach is exemplified using global remote sensing estimates of photosynthetic activity. A wide range of partly well interpretable gradients is retrieved. For instance, well known climate-induced anomalies in FAPAR over Africa and South America during the last severe ENSO event are identified. Also, the precise geographical patterns of the annual–seasonal cycle and its phasing are isolated. Other features lead to new questions on the underlying environmental dynamics. Our method can provide benchmarks for comparisons of data cubes, model runs, and thus be used as a basis for sophisticated model performance evaluations.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Subal C. Kumbhakar Gudbrand LienAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Markku Husso Erlend NybakkAbstract
Drawing upon the resource-based view (RBV) of the firm and Porter’s five forces, this study examines CEOs’ perceptions of the drivers of competitive advantage in Finnish and Norwegian small- and medium-sized (SME) sawmills. Using qualitative data from CEO interviews and secondary data sources, the results show differences in relevant resources among SME sawmills. In some cases, high-quality raw material is a driver of above-average industry performance, while certain organizational resources, together with correct positioning within an industry, are a way to compensate for a lack of other sources of competitive advantage. Resources such as advanced production technology or a flat organizational structure are essential to diluting the weaknesses of the case companies. Our cases also clarify the important role of intangible resources (e.g., personnel being willing to change).