Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2007
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Pavel Cudlín Barbara Kieliszewska-Rokicka Maria Rudawska Tine Grebenc Odair Alberton Tarja Lehto Mark R. Bakker Isabella Børja Bohdan Konôpka Tomasz Leski Hojka Kraigher Thomas W. KuyperAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Pavel Cudlin Barbara Kielisziewska - Rokicka Maria Rudawska Tine Grebenc O Alberton Tarja Lehto Mark R. Bakker Isabella Børja Bohdan Konôpka T Leski Hojka Kraigher Thomas W. KuyperAbstract
Human-induced and natural stress factors can affect fine roots and ectomycorrhizas. Therefore they have potential utility as indicators of environmental change. We evaluated, through meta-analysis, the magnitude of the effects of acidic deposition, nitrogen deposition, increased ozone levels, elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide, and drought on fine roots and ectomycorrhizal (ECM) characteristics. Ectomycorrhizal colonization was an unsuitable parameter for environmental change, but fine root length and biomass could be useful. Acidic deposition had a significantly negative impact on fine roots, root length being more sensitive than root biomass. There were no significant effects of nitrogen deposition or elevated tropospheric ozone on the quantitative root parameters. Elevated CO2 had a significant positive effect. Drought had a significantly negative effect on fine root biomass. The negative effect of acidic deposition and the positive effect of elevated CO2 increased over time, indicating that effects were persistent contrary the other factors. The meta-analysis also showed that experimental conditions, including both laboratory and field experiments, were a major source of variation. In addition to quantitative changes, environmental changes affect the species composition of the ectomycorrhizal fungal community.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Lena Finér Helja-Sisko Helmisaari Krista Lohmus Hooshang Majdi Ivano Brunner Isabella Børja Toril Drabløs Eldhuset Douglas L. Godbold Tine Grebenc Bohdan Konôpka Hojka Kraigher Merja Möttönen Mizue Ohashi J Oleksyn Ivika Ostonen V Uri Elena VanguelovaAbstract
Fine roots (2 mm) are very dynamic and play a key role in forest ecosystem carbon and nutrient cycling and accumulation. We reviewed root biomass data of three main European tree species European beech, (Fagus sylvatica L.), Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), in order to identify the differences between species, and within and between vegetation zones, and to show the relationships between root biomass and the climatic, site and stand factors.The collected literature consisted of data from 36 beech, 71 spruce and 43 pine stands. The mean fine root biomass of beech was 389 g m-2, and that of spruce and pine 297 g m-2 and 277 g m-2, respectively. Data from pine stands supported the hypothesis that root biomass is higher in the temperate than in the boreal zone.The results indicated that the root biomass of deciduous trees is higher than that of conifers. The correlations between root biomass and site fertility characteristics seemed to be species specific. There was no correlation between soil acidity and root biomass. Beech fine root biomass decreased with stand age whereas pine root biomass increased with stand age. Fine root biomass at tree level correlated better than stand level root biomass with stand characteristics. The results showed that there exists a strong relationship between the fine root biomass and the above-ground biomass.
Authors
Leena Finér Heljä-Sisko Helmisaari Krista Lõhmus Hooshang Majdi Ivano Brunner Isabella Børja Toril Drabløs Eldhuset Douglas Lawrence Godbold Tine Grebenc Bohdan Konôpka Hojka Kraigher M.-R. Möttönen J. Oleksyn Ivika Ostonen V. Uri Elena Iordanova VanguelovaAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
The root-rot causing fungus Heterobasidion annosum senso lato is the most devastating pathogen of conifers in Europe. This pathogen enter Norway spruce trees trough the roots and colonizes the tree from within, growing as a saprophyte when established within the dead heartwood and acting as a necrotroph when in contact with living host tissue. Twenty percent of the trees in Norwegian spruce stands tend to be infected and this pathogen that can colonize ten meters up inside the tree trunk, decaying the silvicultural most valuable part of the tree. Despite this high incidence of damage the tree has efficient defences against this pathogen and the attack is eventually fought off if present in the bark or living wood. The tree also has a defense against this internal attack (by Heterobasidion established in the heartwood expanding and invading outward toward the living sapwood) by forming a reaction zone; in this case the host defense is directed inwardly by the still living sapwood toward the central colonized wood. We have in the last years studied the host responses to infection in Norway spruce clones at the transcriptional level and found that the speed of recognition and that spatial defense signalling appears to be the hallmarks of trees with high degree of resistance. We strive to study both partners in this pathosystem from a molecular perspective, and are now focusing on the pathogen and what fungal gene-products are being expressed during the colonization of the heartwood compared to those expressed close to the active host defense (reaction zone) using suppressive subtractive hybridization (SSH) followed by Real-Time RT PCR analysis. In addition the colonization profiles were followed on extracted gDNA using quantitative Real-Time PCR.
Authors
Nicolette Fouche Jolanda Roux Halvor Solheim Ronald N. Heath Gilbert Kamgan Nkuekam P. Chimwamurumbe K.G. Pegg Michael J. WingfieldAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
No abstract has been registered