Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2017
Authors
Robert Jankowiak Beata Strzałka Piotr Bilański Riikka Linnakoski Truls Aas Halvor Solheim Małgorzata Groszek Z. Wilhelm de BeerAbstract
Species of Leptographium are generally characterized by mononematous conidiophores and are commonly associated with bark beetles and weevils. These species are responsible for sapstain and in some cases serious diseases on a range of primarily coniferous trees. In comparison with coniferous trees, the occurrence of Leptographium species on hardwood trees has been poorly studied in Europe. During a survey of ophiostomatoid fungi on various tree species in Norway and Poland, three unusual species, which fit the broader morphological description of Leptographium spp., were found in association with Scolytus ratzeburgi, Dryocoetes alni and Trypodendron domesticum on a variety of hardwoods, and from wounds on Tilia cordata. Phylogenetic analyses of sequence data for three gene regions (ITS2-LSU, β-tubulin, and TEF1-α) showed that these Leptographium species are phylogenetically closely related to each other and form a well-supported lineage that included Grosmannia grandifoliae and Leptographium pruni. The first species could be distinguished from the other Leptographium species based on conidiophores arising from spiral hyphae, chlamydospore-like structures and a hyalorhinocladiella-like synanamorph in culture. The second species differs from the previous one by having distinctly shorter conidiophores and smaller conidia. This species also produces a well-developed sporothrix-like synanamorph with denticulate conidiogenous cells. Based on these unusual morphological characteristics and distinct DNA sequences, these fungi were recognised as new taxa for which the names Leptographium trypodendri sp. nov. and L. betulae sp. nov. are provided. The third group of isolates belonged to Grosmannia grandifoliae, representing the first report of this species outside of the USA. The newly defined G. grandifoliae complex is the first species complex in Leptographium s.l. consisting of only hardwood-infecting species.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Catherine Lecomte-Pradines Turid Hertel-Aas Claire Coutris Rodolphe Gilbin Deborah Helen Oughton Frederic AlonzoAbstract
Understanding how toxic contaminants affect wildlife species at various levels of biological organization (subcellular, histological, physiological, organism, and population levels) is a major research goal in both ecotoxicology and radioecology. A mechanistic understanding of the links between different observed perturbations is necessary to predict the consequences for survival, growth, and reproduction, which are critical for population dynamics. In this context, experimental and modeling studies were conducted using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. A chronic exposure to external gamma radiation was conducted under controlled conditions. Results showed that somatic growth and reproduction were reduced with increasing dose rate. Modeling was used to investigate whether radiation effects might be assessed using a mechanistic model based upon the dynamic energy budget (DEB) theory. A DEB theory in toxicology (DEB-tox), specially adapted to the case of gamma radiation, was developed. Modelling results demonstrated the suitability of DEB-tox for the analysis of radiotoxicity and suggested that external gamma radiation predominantly induced a direct reduction in reproductive capacity in C. elegans and produced an increase in costs for growth and maturation, resulting in a delay in growth and spawning observed at the highest tested dose rate.
Authors
Nina Veflen Oddveig Storstad Bendik Meling Samuelsen Solveig Langsrud Therese Hagtvedt Øydis Ueland Fredrik Alexander Gregersen Joachim ScholdererAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Sigridur Dalmannsdottir Marit Jørgensen Marcin Rapacz Liv Østrem Arild Larsen Rolf Rødven Odd Arne RognliAbstract
This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Dalmannsdottir, S., Jørgensen, M., Rapacz, M., Østrem, L., Larsen, A., Rødven, R. & Rognli, O. A. (2017). Cold acclimation in warmer extended autumns impairs freezing tolerance of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and timothy (Phleum pratense). Physiologia Plantarum: An International Journal for Plant Biology, 160(3), 266-281, which has been published in final form at <a href=http://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.12548> http://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.12548.</a> This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.
Authors
Carrie Joy Andrew Einar Heegaard Paul M. Kirk Claus Bässler Jacob Heilmann-Clausen Irmgard Krisai-Greilhuber Thomas W. Kuyper Beatrice Senn-Irlet Ulf Büntgen Jeffrey Michael Diez Simon Egli Alan C. Gange Rune Halvorsen Klaus Høiland Jenni Nordén Fredrik Rustøen Lynne Boddy Håvard KauserudAbstract
Species occurrence observations are increasingly available for scientific analyses through citizen science projects and digitization of museum records, representing a largely untapped ecological resource. When combined with open-source data, there is unparalleled potential for understanding many aspects of the ecology and biogeography of organisms. Here we describe the process of assembling a pan-European mycological meta-database (ClimFun) and integrating it with open-source data to advance the fields of macroecology and biogeography against a backdrop of global change. Initially 7.3 million unique fungal species fruit body records, spanning nine countries, were processed and assembled into 6 million records of more than 10,000 species. This is an extraordinary amount of fungal data to address macro-ecological questions. We provide two examples of fungal species with different life histories, one ectomycorrhizal and one wood decaying, to demonstrate how such continental-scale meta-databases can offer unique insights into climate change effects on fungal phenology and fruiting patterns in recent decades. Keywords Biogeography; Citizen science; Fungi; Global change; Meta-database; Open-source
Authors
Subal Chandra Kumbhakar Gudbrand LienAbstract
In this paper we estimate the short-run, long-run and overall efficiency of Norwegian electricity distribution companies for the period 2000–2013 controlling for both noise and company effects. Short-run inefficiency is the part of inefficiency that is allowed to adjust freely over time for each company, but long-run (persistent) inefficiency remains constant over time, although it is allowed to vary across companies. For robustness check we also consider two additional models in which either company effects are not controlled or these are treated as inefficiency. The production technology is represented by a translog input distance function in all three models. We find that technical change and returns to scale are quite robust across the models. However, the efficiency scores across the three models we consider are not correlated strongly. We conclude that the regulators and practitioners should take extra caution in using the proper model in practice, especially when the efficiency measures are used to reward/punish companies through incentives for better performance.
Authors
Anja Karine Ruud Tatiana Belova Andrea Ficke Timothy L. Friesen Susanne Skinnehaugen Windju Morten LillemoAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
D Elliot Andrea Ficke Lorenz Hartl Sarah Holdgate Lise Nistrup Jørgensen Annemarie Justesen Volker Mohler Morten Lillemo Ian Mackay Min Lin Beatrice Corsi Caroline Moffat R. Oliver Kar-Chun Tan Pao Theen See Melanie Stadlmeier Judith Turner James CockramAbstract
No abstract has been registered