Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2010
Authors
Leif Sundheim May Bente Brurberg Trond Hofsvang Christer Magnusson Trond Rafoss Arild Sletten Birger Solberg Halvor Solheim Brita Toppe Anne Marte Tronsmo Bjørn ØklandAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Arild Andersen Trond Hofsvang May Bente Brurberg Christer Magnusson Trond Rafoss Brita Toppe Anne Marte Tronsmo Bjørn Økland Leif SundheimAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Arild Andersen Trond Hofsvang May Bente Brurberg Christer Magnusson Trond Rafoss Brita Toppe Anne Marte Tronsmo Bjørn Økland Leif SundheimAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
A research has been undertaken studying pesticide residues in water from greenhouses and the use of soils and filter materials to reduce such losses. The pesticides detected in water samples collected downstream greenhouses include 9 fungicides, 5 herbicides and 4 insecticides. 10 compounds from flower and vegetable productions were frequently found to exceed environmental risk levels, and with a few exceptions the compounds were found in higher concentrations than those typically found in agricultural runoff. Some compounds were found in high concentrations (.1mg/l) in undiluted runoff from greenhouses producing vegetables. Nutrient concentrations in the runoff were also sporadically very high, with phosphorous values varying between 0.85 and 7.4mgP/l, and nitrogen values between 7.5 and 41.4mgN/l. Undiluted runoff from the productions showed values of 60mgP/l and 300mgN/l. High values of pesticides correlated with high values of nutrients, especially P. Column experiments using a sandy agricultural soil and stock solutions of non-polar and slightly polar pesticides mixed with a complex binder and nutrients showed a significant reduction for nearly all of the compounds used, indicating that transport through soil will reduce the concentrations of the studied pesticides. The pesticide adsorption capacity of the filter materials pine bark, peat, Sphagnum moss, compost, oat straw, ferrous sand and clay soil were tested in batch and column experiments. Adsorption were studied contacting the filter materials with aqueous solutions containing greenhouse production pesticides. The batch experiments showed that pine bark and peat, both combining a high content of organic matter with a low ph, provided the highest adsorption for most of the tested pesticides. Sphagnum moss, compost and oat straw also showed high adsorption for most of the pesticides, while the mineral filters provided the lowest adsorption (30-55%). Further column experiments confirmed these results, displaying the best removal efficiency in the organic materials, varying from 200mg/g in compost, to 500mg/g in moss, straw and pine bark.
Authors
Karl ThunesAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Tor J. JohansenAbstract
No abstract has been registered
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No abstract has been registered
Authors
Peder GjerdrumAbstract
Building, maintaining and operating drying kilns is a heavy economic burden for most sawmills. As a consequence, drying capacity is often a bottleneck. Kilns are generally operated 24 h a day, 7 days a week, so there is no spare time to increase the production. Good planning routines are a prerequisite for short as well as long term operational planning. Most established sawmills have a mixture of batch and progressive kilns, some older, possibly upgraded, others more modern. This offers some flexibility in choosing the right kiln for drying a timber lot of defined quality, but also represents operational challenges. Through the years working in and for the sawmill industry, a spreadsheet model tool was made for analysing kiln capacity. The model is put together to examine the available-to-needed capacity balance in each of thirteen four-week periods of a year. Input values are information about the drying kilns and their operations, the sawmill production plans and the requested drying quality. Capacity is given in volume-hours (calculated in the same way as man-hours). The operational plans, i.e. the input values, can and should be adjusted until a reasonable balance for all periods, summed up in a graph, is achieved. A description of the model with a specified sawmill example will be given, illustrating the process from the initial stage to the final plans.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered