Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2021
Authors
YeonKyeong Lee Payel Bhattacharjee Marcos Viejo Ole Christian Lind Brit Salbu Dag Anders Brede Jorunn Elisabeth OlsenAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Jorunn Elisabeth Olsen Camilo Chiang Hazel Aynaga Navidad Oda Toresdatter Aas Inger Sundheim Fløistad Sissel TorreAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Markus A. K. Sydenham Zander Venter Trond Reitan Claus Rasmussen Astrid Brekke Skrindo Daniel Skoog Kaj-Andreas Hanevik Stein Joar Hegland Yoko Dupont Anders Nielsen Joseph Chipperfield Graciela Monica RuschAbstract
1. Predicting plant-pollinator interaction networks over space and time will improve our understanding of how environmental change is likely to impact the functioning of ecosystems. Here we propose a framework for producing spatially explicit predictions of the occurrence and number of pairwise plant-pollinator interactions and of the species richness, diversity, and abundance of pollinators visiting flowers. We call the framework ‘MetaComNet’ because it aims to link metacommunity dynamics to the assembly of ecological networks. 2. To illustrate the MetaComNet functionality, we used a dataset on bee-flower networks sampled at 16 sites in southeast Norway along with random forest models to predict bee-flower interactions. We included variables associated with climatic conditions (elevation) and habitat availability within a 250m radius of each site. Regional commonness, site-specific distance to conspecifics, social guild, and floral preference were included as bee traits. Each plant species was assigned a score reflecting its site-specific abundance, and four scores reflecting the bee species that the plant family is known to attract. We used leave-one-out cross-validations to assess the models’ ability to predict pairwise plant-bee interactions across the landscape. 3. The relationship between observed occurrence or absence of interactions and the predicted probability of interactions was nearly proportional (GLMlogistic regression slope = 1.09), matching the data well (AUC = 0.88), and explained 30% of the variation. Predicted probability of interactions was also correlated with the number of observed pairwise interactions (r = 0.32). The sum of predicted probabilities of bee-flower interactions were positively correlated with observed species richness (r = 0.50), diversity (r = 0.48), and abundance (r = 0.42) of wild bees interacting with plant species within sites. 4. Our findings show that the MetaComNet framework can be a useful approach for making spatially explicit predictions and mapping plant-pollinator interactions. Such predictions have the potential to identify areas where the pollination potential for wild plants is particularly high, and where conservation action should be directed to preserve this ecosystem function.
Authors
Robert Schneider Laurie Dupont-Leduc Vincent Gauthray-Guyénet Nicolas Cattaneo Lara Melo Tommy Simard Alexis Begni Raphael Turquin Annabelle Morache-Mercier Samuel Pinna Ulysse Rémillard Charles NockAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Sjur Sandgrind Xueyuan Li Oliver Moss Rui Guan Emelie Ivarson Eu Sheng Wang Selvaraju Kanagarajan Li-Hua ZhuAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Shelemia Nyamuryekung'e Andres F. Cibils Richard Estell Matthew M. McIntosh Dawn VanLeeuwen Caitriana M. Steele Alfredo L. Gonzalez Sheri Spiegal Leonel Avendano Reyes Felipe A. Rodriguez Almeida Martha AndersonAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Shelemia Nyamuryekung'e Andres F. Cibils Richard Estell Matthew M. McIntosh Dawn VanLeeuwen Caitriana M. Steele Alfredo L. Gonzalez Sheri Spiegal F. Guadalupe ContinanzaAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Matthew M. McIntosh Andres F. Cibils Richard Estell Shelemia Nyamuryekung'e Alfredo L. Gonzalez Qixu Gong Huiping Cao Sheri Spiegal Sergio A. Soto-Navarro Amanda D. BlairAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
Current forage production on tile drained peat soil is challenged by low drainage efficiency and large GHG emissions. Alternative methods need to be evaluated to sustain agricultural usage while protecting peat C and N stocks. Peat inversion is a valid method when the peat layer is less than 1.5 m deep and lies on top of a self-draining mineral soil. The peat body is covered by the underlying mineral soil while maintaining connectivity to the self-draining subsoil through tilted mineral soil layers. We studied the effect of inversion of previously tile drained peat with forage production on dry matter yield (DMY), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and peat degradation. The field experiment was carried out in adjacent fields with inverted and tile drained nutrient poor peat in Western Norway during 2014-2018. At both fields the surface was slightly graded towards open ditches surrounding the field. The thickness of the mineral cover layer of the inverted peat varied between 80-100 cm on top of the graded surface (upper site) and 40-50 cm closer to the ditches (lower site). Coarse silt and fine sand dominated the texture of the cover layer and content of organic matter was very low (0.5 % tot. C). The texture was finer (higher content of silt and clay) at the lower site compared to the upper site. Mean DMY for 4 ley years at the inverted (upper site) and tile drained peat was 12.2 and 10.3 t ha-1 y-1, respectively. Mean methane emissions in tile drained peat were 200, 140, 209 and 55 kg CH4-C ha-1 in 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively, whereas the CH4 exchange in inverted peat was small. In inverted peat, we found up to 50 vol% CH4 in the soil air close to the buried peat, which strongly decreased towards the soil surface at both inverted sites. Nitrous oxide emissions in fertilized tile drained peat were 4.3, 9.5, 9.8 and 5.3 kg N2O-N ha-1 in 2015-2018, respectively. In inverted peat (upper site) N2O emissions were 3.6, 3.6, 8.5 and 2.7 kg N2O-N ha-1 these years. In lower site, measured in 2017 and 2018, the emissions were 10.3 and 4.5 kg N2O-N ha-1, respectively for the two years. N2O-emissions were small in unfertilized plots both at tile drained and inverted peat. Depth profiles of N2O in soil air indicated that N2O is produced in the mineral layer and not in the buried peat. Continuously monitored O2 profiles showed O2-concentrations of 0-5 vol% in the top of the buried peat and much higher concentrations (5-20 vol %) in the tile drained peat. Dark chamber measurements in 2018 showed a CO2-flux of 1.43, 1.49 and 2.35 kg ha-1 h-1 CO2-C after 1.st cut and 1.4, 1.25 and 2.01 kg ha-1 h-1 CO2-C after 2.cut in inverted upper site, inverted lower site and tile drained peat, respectively. The larger respiration measured at tile drained peat most probably derives from larger heterotrophic respiration, as the mass of roots was lower in tile drained than in inverted peat. Results from this field experiment suggest that inversion of tile drained peat reduces the CH4 emissions and degradation of the peat. N2O emissions is fertilizer induced in both tile drained and inverted nutrient poor peat, and is determined by soil and weather conditions at the time of fertilization. The large variation in emissions between years can be explained by different weather conditions. 2017 was a wet year and 2018 a very dry year.