Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2023
Authors
Sjur Sandgrind Xueyuan Li Emelie Ivarson Eu Sheng Wang Rui Guan Selvaraju Kanagarajan Li-Hua ZhuAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Ritter Atoundem GuimapiAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Ritter Atoundem GuimapiAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Arne Stensvand Natalia A. Peres David M. Gadoury Belachew Asalf Tadesse Aruppillai SuthaparanAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Dalphy Ondine Camira Harteveld Paul Goedhart Ilse Houwers Jürgen Köhl Peter Frans de Jong Marcel WennekerAbstract
European canker is one of the most devastating fungal diseases of apple in most temperate regions. The causal agent, Neonectria ditissima, infects trees through wounds in the bark forming cankers that girdle the stem and eventually cause tree death. Timely protection of the trees is challenged by stagnation of symptom expression after infections for a long period of time. The objective of this research is to use a novel TaqMan PCR assay to detect and quantify N. ditissima during the asymptomatic colonization of apple wood. Pruning wounds on branches of the cultivars Elstar and Gala were inoculated with N. ditissima and wood discs were sampled at 2–6, 10–14, and 30–34 mm distance from the inoculation site after 3 hours, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 8 weeks for the detection and quantification of the pathogen. The TaqMan PCR assay detected N. ditissima in 51% of the inoculated apple tree samples. This was more sensitive than the culturing method detecting N. ditissima in 11% of the samples. An accumulation of N. ditissima DNA up to 34 mm distance from the inoculation site was observed without development of visible symptoms. To our knowledge this is the first time colonization of N. ditissima was detected and quantified in the absence of symptoms of European canker. The implications of this research are discussed.
Authors
Anne Muola Traci Birge Marjo Helander Suni Mathew Vili Harazinova Kari Saikkonen Benjamin FuchsAbstract
Background Cultivation of oilseed rape Brassica napus is pesticide-intensive, and alternative plant protection strategies are needed because both pesticide resistance and legislation narrow the range of effective chemical pesticides. The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana is used as a biocontrol agent against various insect pests, but little is known about its endophytic potential and role in plant protection for oilseed rape. First, we studied whether B. bassiana can establish as an endophyte in oilseed rape, following seed inoculation. To evaluate the plant protection potential of endophytic B. bassiana on oilseed rape, we next examined its ability to induce plant metabolite biosynthesis. In another experiment, we tested the effect of seed inoculation on seedling survival in a semi-field experiment. Results Beauveria bassiana endophytically colonized oilseed rape following seed inoculation, and, in addition, natural colonization was also recorded. Maximum colonization rate was 40%, and generally increased with inoculation time. Seed inoculation did not affect the germination probability or growth of oilseed rape, but B. bassiana inoculated seeds germinated more slowly compared to controls. Endophytic colonization of B. bassiana induced biosynthesis of several flavonoids in oilseed rape leaves under controlled conditions. In the experiment conducted in semi-field conditions, inoculated seedlings had slightly higher mortality compared to control seedlings. Conclusion Beauveria bassiana showed endophytic potential on oilseed rape via both natural colonization and seed inoculation, and it induced the biosynthesis of flavonoids. However, its use as an endophyte for plant protection against pests or pathogens for oilseed rape remains unclear. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Authors
Suni Anie Mathew Benjamin Fuchs Riitta Nissinen Marjo Helander Pere Puigbò Kari Saikkonen Anne MuolaAbstract
Aims: In a field study, the effects of treatments of glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) in soil, alone and in combination with phosphate fertilizer, were examined on the performance and endophytic microbiota of garden strawberry. Methods and results: The root and leaf endophytic microbiota of garden strawberries grown in GBH-treated and untreated soil, with and without phosphate fertilizer, were analyzed. Next, bioinformatics analysis on the type of 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase enzyme was conducted to assess the potential sensitivity of strawberry-associated bacteria and fungi to glyphosate, and to compare the results with field observations. GBH treatments altered the abundance and/or frequency of several operational taxonomic units (OTUs), especially those of root-associated fungi and bacteria. These changes were partly related to their sensitivity to glyphosate. Still, GBH treatments did not shape the overall community structure of strawberry microbiota or affect plant performance. Phosphate fertilizer increased the abundance of both glyphosate-resistant and glyphosate-sensitive bacterial OTUs, regardless of the GBH treatments. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that although the overall community structure of strawberry endophytic microbes is not affected by GBH use, some individual taxa are.
Authors
Anne MuolaAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
M.L. Robinson P.G. Hahn B.D. Inouye N. Underwood S.R. Whitehead K.C. Abbott E.M. Bruna N.I. Cacho L.A. Dyer L. Abdala-Roberts W.J. Allen J.F. Andrade D.F. Angulo D. Anjos D.N. Anstett R. Bagchi S. Bagchi M. Barbosa S. Barrett C.A. Baskett E. Ben-Simchon K.J. Bloodworth J.L. Bronstein Y.M. Buckley K.T. Burghardt C. Bustos-Segura E.S. Calixto R.L. Carvalho B. Castagneyrol M.C. Chiuffo D. Cinoğlu E. Cinto Mejía M.C. Cock R. Cogni O.L. Cope T. Cornelissen D.R. Cortez D.W. Crowder C. Dallstream W. Dáttilo J.K. Davis R.D. Dimarco H.E. Dole I.N. Egbon M. Eisenring A. Ejomah B.D. Elderd Joshua Lynn Anne Muola Vigdis VandvikAbstract
Interactions between plants and herbivores are central in most ecosystems, but their strength is highly variable. The amount of variability within a system is thought to influence most aspects of plant-herbivore biology, from ecological stability to plant defense evolution. Our understanding of what influences variability, however, is limited by sparse data. We collected standardized surveys of herbivory for 503 plant species at 790 sites across 116° of latitude. With these data, we show that within-population variability in herbivory increases with latitude, decreases with plant size, and is phylogenetically structured. Differences in the magnitude of variability are thus central to how plant-herbivore biology varies across macroscale gradients. We argue that increased focus on interaction variability will advance understanding of patterns of life on Earth.