Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2007
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Lars T. HavstadAbstract
Different methods of straw residue management were evaluated in field trials with seed crops of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) and meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.) in SE Norway during 2000-2005. Compared to straw removal, which up to now has been the most common straw management practice in seed production of the two species, straw chopping and spreading at the back of the combiner during seed harvest did not reduce seed yield in the following year when stubble height was kept at a low level (preferably less than 10 cm). However, in order for newly developed tillers to rapidly penetrate the straw layer in autumn, the chopped straw had to be spread uniformly in the field. The experiments did not provide any support for an extra input of nitrogen in autumn, either in timothy or meadow fescue, when the straw was chopped rather than removed. In both species, also burning of straw and stubble soon after seed harvest was an efficient and fast clean-up method in the field after harvest. However, due to problems with smoke emission, especially near traffic roads and populated areas, field burning is not recommended as a preferable straw management method.
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No abstract has been registered
Academic – Stochastic utility-efficient programming of organic dairy farms
Ola Flaten, Gudbrand Lien
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No abstract has been registered
Abstract
Floral induction and development requirements of a range of latitudinal and altitudinal Norwegian populations of the wild strawberry Fragaria vesca L. have been studied in controlled environments. Rooted runner plants were exposed to a range of photoperiods and temperatures for 5 weeks for floral induction and then transferred to long day (LD) at 20 degrees C for flower development. A pronounced interaction of temperature and photoperiod was shown in the control of flowering. At 9 degrees C, flowers were initiated in both short day (SD) and LD conditions, at 15 and 18 degrees C in SD only, whereas no initiation took place at 21 degrees C regardless of daylength conditions. The critical photoperiod for SD floral induction was about 16 h and 14 h at 15 and 18 degrees C, respectively, the induction being incomplete at 18 degrees C. The optimal condition for floral induction was SD at 15 degrees C. A minimum of 4 weeks of exposure to such optimal conditions was required. Although the populations varied significantly in their flowering performance, no clinal relationship was present between latitude of origin and critical photoperiod. Flower development of SD-induced plants was only marginally advanced by LD conditions, while inflorescence elongation and runnering were strongly enhanced by LD at this stage. The main shift in these responses took place at photoperiods between 16 and 17 h. Unlike all other populations studied, a high-latitude population from 70 degrees N ('Alta') had an obligatory vernalization requirement. Although flowering and fruiting in its native Subarctic environment and after overwintering in the field in south Norway, this population did not flower in the laboratory in the absence of vernalization, even with 10 or 15 weeks of exposure to SD at 9 degrees C. Flowering performance in the field likewise indicated a vernalization requirement of this high-latitude population.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the effect of clover species on milk fatty acid (FA) composition. Lactating dairy cows were allocated to two groups and fed grass-clover silage containing either white clover (WC) or red clover (RC), without or with concentrate supplementation. No significant interaction of clover species with concentrate supplementation could be observed. RC milk had significantly higher proportion of polyunsaturated FAs (P<0.001), particularly C18:3n-3 (P<0.001), and contained a higher n-3/n-6 FA ratio (P<0.05) than WC milk. It is concluded that RC silage, independent of concentrate supply, yielded milk with more beneficial FA composition than WC silage.
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No abstract has been registered
Abstract
An LC-MS/MS method for determination of 11 phytoestrogens was developed and validated. All was demonstrated presencet in dairy milk.
Abstract
Empirical evidence that the N dissipation from dairy production depends tightly on the segregation of animals from plant production is provided