Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2016
Authors
Signe Nybø Hege Gundersen Kristian Hassel Knut Anders Hovstad Line Johansen Ken Olaf Storaunet Gro Ingleid van der MeerenAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Atle Mysterud William Ryan Easterday Vetle Malmer Stigum Anders Aas Erling Meisingset Hildegunn ViljugreinAbstract
Global environmental changes are causing Lyme disease to emerge in Europe. The life cycle of Ixodes ricinus, the tick vector of Lyme disease, involves an ontogenetic niche shift, from the larval and nymphal stages utilizing a wide range of hosts, picking up the pathogens causing Lyme disease from small vertebrates, to the adult stage depending on larger (non-transmission) hosts, typically deer. Because of this complexity the role of different host species for emergence of Lyme disease remains controversial. Here, by analysing long-term data on incidence in humans over a broad geographical scale in Norway, we show that both high spatial and temporal deer population density increase Lyme disease incidence. However, the trajectories of deer population sizes play an overall limited role for the recent emergence of the disease. Our study suggests that managing deer populations will have some effect on disease incidence, but that Lyme disease may nevertheless increase as multiple drivers are involved.
Authors
Ari Hietala Hugh Cross Halvor Solheim Volkmar Timmermann Nina Elisabeth Nagy Isabella Børja Adam Vivian-Smith Jørn Henrik SønstebøAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Hugh Cross Jørn Henrik Sønstebø Nina Elisabeth Nagy Volkmar Timmermann Halvor Solheim Isabella Børja Håvard Kauserud Tor Carlsen Barbara Rzepka Katarzyna Wasak Adam Vivian-Smith Ari HietalaAbstract
High biodiversity is regarded as a barrier against biological invasions. We hypothesized that the invasion success of the pathogenic ascomycete Hymenoscyphus fraxineus threatening common ash in Europe relates to differences in dispersal and colonization success between the invader and the diverse native competitors. Ash leaf mycobiome was monitored by high-throughput sequencing of the fungal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and quantitative PCR profiling of H. fraxineus DNA. Initiation of ascospore production by H. fraxineus after overwintering was followed by pathogen accumulation in asymptomatic leaves. The induction of necrotic leaf lesions coincided with escalation of H. fraxineus DNA levels and changes in proportion of biotrophs, followed by an increase of ubiquitous endophytes with pathogenic potential. H. fraxineus uses high propagule pressure to establish in leaves as quiescent thalli that switch to pathogenic mode once these thalli reach a certain threshold – the massive feedback from the saprophytic phase enables this fungus to challenge host defenses and the resident competitors in mid-season when their density in host tissues is still low. Despite the general correspondence between the ITS-1 and ITS-2 datasets, marker biases were observed, which suggests that multiple barcodes provide better overall representation of mycobiomes.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Kjell Andreassen Isabella Børja Rainer Hentschel Nadezhda Nadezhdin Sabine Rosner Svein Solberg Ole Einar TveitoAbstract
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Authors
Anne-Kari Holm Abdelhameed Elameen Benedikte Watne Oliver May Bente Brurberg Inger Sundheim Fløistad Lars Olav BrandsæterAbstract
No abstract has been registered