Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2025
Authors
Erik J. JonerAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
Quantifying the impact of biochar on carbon persistence across soil textures is complex, owing to the variability in soil conditions. Using artificial soils with precise textural and mineral compositions, we can disentangle the effects of biochar from the effects of soil particle size. We can show that biochar application significantly reduces the early-stage carbon mineralization rates of plant residues in various soil textures (from 5 % to 41 % clay) but more significantly in sandy soils. Clay and silt particles alone also reduce C mineralization, but the magnitude of the changes is negligible compared to the impact of biochar. This finding suggests that biochar can compensate for the lack of clay in promoting C persistence in soil systems. This short report contributes substantially to understanding soil texture and biochar application interactions.
Authors
Yuri Lebedin Anna Antropova Valentina Maygurova Marina Usoltseva Tatiana Gagkaeva Tatsiana EspevigAbstract
The most common and harmful disease affecting the grass on golf courses in the Nordic countries is microdochium patch. The early diagnosis of the Microdochium nivale can help prevent the spread of infection through targeted treatment. The aim of the work was to develop an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test system for Microdochium fungi detection. We have prepared specific rabbit affinity antibodies against Microdochium genus by antigen adsorption and exhaustion on wide range of fungal species. These specific antibodies were used to construct sandwich ELISA showing genus specificity and capable to detect the antigen on early stage of infection on different grass substrates. In field study, the ELISA has shown good correlation to microbiological diagnostics and was able to detect the latent infection in the absence of visual signs. We suggest that Microdochium ELISA can be used for regular testing of grass specimens for prediction and early diagnosis of latent infection. Further studies are required to determine the antigen level, which indicates the degree of infection at which steps to prevent the disease need to be applied.
Authors
Felix Seidel Heide Spiegel Alice Budai Brieuc Hardy Carlos Sierra Cathal Buckley Cesar Plaza Chiara Piccini Claudia Di Bene Claudio Mondini Daniel Rasse Daria Seitz Eugenio Diaz-Pines Felix Herzog Florent Levavasseur Florian Schneider Gianni Bellocchi Greet Ruysschaert Irene Criscuoli Jan Peter Lesschen Jens Leifeld Jonathan Holland Jorge Álvaro-Fuentes Katharina Keiblinger Katja Klumpp Lars Elsgaard Lauric Cecillon Manuel Martin Mariangela Diacono Marjetka Suhadolc Martin A. Bolinder Oyinlola Ogunpaimo Roberta Farina Silvia Vanino Simon Weldon Thomas Kätterer Valerie Viaud Axel DonAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Luiz C. Garcia Carlos H. Rocha Nátali M. de Souza Pedro H. Weirich Neto Jaime A. Gomes Thiago InagakiAbstract
The aim was to verify the viability of foliar fertilisation of calcium(Ca) and boron (B) in soybeans (Glycine max) in soils with variousfertility levels. The experiment was carried out in four agriculturalseasons and designed in randomised blocks, with threetreatments and seven replications. The treatments were asfollows: control, and Ca and B spraying on soybean plantswithout and with amino acids. Spraying was carried out at theflowering of the crop one time. It was concluded that there weresignificant differences in the yield components in the two crops,when the experiment was installed in soils with lower fertility, inwhich the foliar fertiliser with amino acid stood out. When therewas a significant difference in productivity, the B content wasaltered; the value in the grains that received the product withamino acids was greater than the treatment without amino acidsand above the treatment in which the plants were not sprayedwith foliar fertilisers. Therefore, we highlight that Ca and B foliarfertilisation is especially required for soils with low CEC and Cacontents. However, this technique will likely not improve soybeanperformance for soils with no nutrient deficiency.
Abstract
Green roofs provide vital functions within the urban ecosystem, from supporting biodiversity, to sustainable climate-positive ESS provisioning. However, how plant communities should best be designed to reach these objectives, and how specific green roof systems vary in their capacity to support these functions is not well understood. Here we compiled data on plant traits and plant–insect interaction networks of a regional calcareous grassland species pool to explore how designed plant communities could be optimised to contribute to ecological functionality for predefined green roof solutions. Five distinct systems with practical functionality and physical constraints were designed, plant communities modelled using object-based optimization algorithms and evaluated using five ecological functionality metrics (incl. phylogenetic and structural diversity). Our system plant communities supported a range of plant–insect interactions on green roofs, but not all species were equally beneficial, resulting in wide-ranging essentiality and redundancy in ecological processes. Floral traits were not predictive of pollinator preferences, but phylogeny was observed to govern the preferences. Large differences in ecological functionality can be expected between green roofs depending on system design and the extent of the plant community composition. Multifunctionality covariance diverged between systems, suggesting that ecological functionality is not inherently universal but dependent on structural limitations and species pool interactions. We conclude that informed system design has a potential to simultaneously support ecosystem services and urban biodiversity conservation by optimising green roof plant communities to provide landscape resources for pollinating insects and herbivores.
Abstract
Optimised contributions of green infrastructure (GI) to urban ecosystem services are strongly related to its multifunctionality. The challenge, however, is that the concept of multifunctionality still needs to be transformed into an operationalised assessment to evaluate current performance, which is instrumental in supporting spatial planning and policy strategies. Using the case of Stavanger City (Norway), the study conducted a spatial assessment of the multifunctionality of the urban green infrastructure. The study used a comprehensive set of 27 function indicators estimated for each of the 156 spatial units classified by their type, age, size, and biophysical characteristics. Correlation patterns among indicators and how the average and effective multifunctionality related to unit characteristics were analysed using correlation and multivariate approaches. The study demonstrated weak correlations between function indicators but revealed some potential trade-offs and function bundles. Notably, bundles related to tree cover (e.g. C sequestration, stormwater retention) had negative relationships with facilitation measures. There was a large overlap in functions between GI types associated with public green spaces and parks. Moreover, the characteristics of green infrastructure units, like size and age, primarily affected multifunctionality through effects on function indicators. Regarding the city-wide multifunctionality, we found some turnover and subsetting of functions among units, supporting multifunctionality at larger spatial scales. However, the average contributions from different GI types were similar. The study highlights the need to understand correlation patterns among function indicators and function bundles as critical to benefit from synergies and avoid unintentional trade-offs when designing and managing urban green areas.
Authors
Jian Liu Faruk Djodjic Barbro Ulén Helena Aronsson Marianne Bechmann Lars Bergström Tore Krogstad Katarina KyllmarAbstract
No abstract has been registered
2024
Authors
Tatiana Francischinelli Rittl Lied, Geirmund Aker, Mari Ingvar Kvande Eva Brod Kari-Anne Kallerud LyngAbstract
The access to marine residual resources is large in Norway, yet its use in agriculture remains limited. Circulizer project aims to improve the circularity between the blue and green sector, by increasing the knowledge of the use of marine residues (i.e. fish sludge and fish silage) for biogas production and its effects on the fertilizer quality (digestate) and environment. While the quality of digestate from food waste and animal manure has been extensively studied, the impact of incorporating increasing proportions of new marine residual resources remains to be investigated. To be able to substitute mineral fertilizer with digestate derived from marine residues, farmers require knowledge of its nutrient composition and availability. In contrast, biogas plant operators need assurance of a market for both biogas and digestate before investing in new facilities. Circulizer will run lab and field scale experiments where the biogas process performance and digestate quality will be assessed. Expected outcomes are: (i) Enhancing the green transition and circularity of Norwegian food production by recycling valuable nutrients from fish production for agricultural use; (ii) Ensuring environmental safety by addressing concerns related to heavy metals and organic pollutants; (iii) Increasing the utilization of marine residual resources for biogas production; (iv) Supporting the growth of the fish farming industry in Norway by improving waste treatment and recycling options for unavoidable residual resources, thereby facilitating increased fish production and nutrient recycling
Authors
Cornelya Klutsch Juho Vuolteenaho Birk Schulze Runar Kjær David Kniha Ane-Sofie Bednarczyk Hansen Ida Marie Luna Fløystad Tone Roksvåg Aandahl Simo Maduna Tommi Nyman Paul Eric Aspholm Snorre HagenAbstract
An overview of projects working on/with soil at NIBIO Svanhovd