Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2000
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Tore SkrøppaAbstract
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Lars Sandved Dalen Carl Gunnar Fossdal Inger Margrethe Heldal Nina Elisabeth Nagy Praveen Sharma Geir Østreng Anders Lönneborg Øystein JohnsenAbstract
Plants are sessile and have to adjust to the prevailing environmental conditions of their surroundings. This has led to a development of a great plasticity in gene regulation, morphogenesis, and metabolism. Adaptation and defence strategies involve the activation of genes encoding proteins important in the acclimation or defence towards the different stressors.Some of the molecular responses to biotic and abiotic stress factors such as pathogenic fungi or drought are specific, but it has also been shown that similar genes are acitvated by several stressors.At the Norwegian Forest Research Institute we are currently developing a diagnostic tool using the induction pattern of several selected genes from Norway spruce to use as a fingerprint for different types of biotic and abiotic stress. The ultimate goal of this project is to be able to identify unique mRNA expression patterns specific for different stressors such as heat, cold, drought, pathogens etc.In order to study the induction pattern expressed under biotic and abiotic stress, Norway spruce seedlings grown on glass beads in a phytotron we have treated with drought, a root pathogenic fungi (Rhizoctonia sp.), and a combination of drought and the root fungal pathogen.Physiological measurements of height, weight, ion leakage, gas exchange, and chlorophyll fluorescence are taken troughout the experiment. In addition, we have used light and electron microscopy, and immunolocalization to study structural cell and tissue changes. The results so far show great variance in the expression patterns between treatments and over time.
1999
Authors
Tor MykingAbstract
Winter dormancy reduces or inhibits totally the growth ability of buds. Dormancy release and budburst in Scandinavian Betula pendula Roth. and B. pubescens Ehrh. ecotypes were studied in controlled environments. There was a gradual decline in the heat-sum requirement for budburst with increasing chilling time. Two main clines in time of dormancy release appeared in ecotypes of different geographic origin, a latitudinal cline and a coastal-inland cline in which the duration of dormancy increased southwards and towards the coast. In addition, dormancy was later alleviated in high-altitude than in lowland B. pubescens ecotypes. In late autumn, after 44 chilling days, time to budburst at 15C was less in plants chilled at 0C than in plants chilled at 10C, indicating that 0C was most effective for dormancy release. In January, after 105 chilling days, however, dormancy release was completed, and budburst was earliest in plants chilled at 10C. At this stage there were no detectable differences in effectiveness between fluctuating and corresponding constant temperatures (6 to 21C) in promoting growth and budburst in B. pubescens. Long photoperiods significantly reduced time to budburst in partly dormant buds, but had no effect when dormancy was fully released
Authors
Tore SkrøppaAbstract
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