Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2017
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This paper aims to study the impact of biogas technology adoption as a livestock waste technology to support Mixed Crop and Livestock (MCL) farming among smallholder farmers in Indonesia. A cross sectional survey was conducted to collect data from 351 farm households (171 biogas adopters and 180 non-adopters) in the province of Yogyakarta. This study employed treatment effects analysis based on propensity score matching techniques to evaluate the impacts of biogas technology adoption among the farm households. The results showed that the adoption of the biogas technology reduces firewood consumption of smallholder farm households in Indonesia. Unfortunately, the impact on the use of slurry for organic fertilizers and the use of gas (Liquid Petroleum Gas, LPG) as another household cooking energy could not be evaluated. This study empirically showed that the benefits of the biogas technology had not yet been optimized at the household level which may partly explain the slow rate of biogas technology diffusion among farmers. However, the consumption reduction of firewood as a benefit of using biogas contributed to behavioral changes of the women in the households especially with respect to firewood collection and cooking activities.
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We propose a theoretical framework for the relationship between animal welfare and the economic performance of livestock farms. We empirically analyse this relationship based on a unique dataset of randomly sampled Danish pig herds that includes information from unannounced inspections of the compliance with the animal welfare legislation. We find large variations in economic performance and animal welfare. The relationship between these two indicators is rather weak, but tends to be slightly positive. A possible explanation for our results is that management has a major influence on both economic performance and animal welfare so that good farm managers are able to meet all animal welfare regulations, while achieving a high economic performance.
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Michela Zanetti Corrado Costa Rosa Greco Stefano Grigolato Giovanna Ottaviani Aalmo Raffaele CavalliAbstract
The quality requirements of wood biofuels are regulated by a series of harmonized international standards. These standards define the technical parameter limits that influence the quality of solid biomass as a fuel. In 2014 the European reference standard for solid biofuel was replaced by the International ISO standard. In the case of wood chips, the main difference between the European and International standards is the definition of particle size distribution classes. In this context, this study analyses the quality of wood chips and its variation over the years according to the “former” (EN 14691-4) and “in force” (ISO 17225-4) standards. A Soft Independent Modelling of Class Analogy (SIMCA) model was built to predict the best quality of wood chips and to clarify the relationship between quality and standard parameters, time and changes in the standard regulations. The results show that, compared to the EN standards, classification with the ISO standards increases the samples belonging to the best quality classes and decreases the not classified samples. Furthermore, all the SIMCA models have a high sensitivity (>90%), reflect the differences introduced to the quality standards and are therefore suitable for monitoring the quality of wood chips and their changes.
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Hilde Margrethe Helgesen Arja Rautio Sari Piippo Eva Pongrácz Elena Golubeva Andrey Soloviev Ida Synnøve Bårvåg Grini Themistoklis AltintzoglouAbstract
Dette prosjektet, «Healthy lifestyle choices in the Arctic» eller «Beslutninger om sunn mat og livsstil i de arktiske områdene», er finansiert av Nordisk Ministerråd gjennom det Arktiske samarbeidsprogrammet 2015-2017. Forskere ved NIBIOs avdeling for økonomi og samfunn og Nofima har samarbeidet med forskere fra universitetet i Oulu i Finland og to universiteter i Arkangelsk i Russland. En viktig del av prosjektet er at forskere fra Norge, Finland og Russland deler kunnskap og lærer av hverandre om hva som er et bærekraftig og sunt kosthold og hvordan dette virker inn på folkehelsen i de tre landene. Prosjektets overordnede mål har vært å bidra til å dokumentere noen sentrale utviklingstrekk i kosthold og alkoholforbruk og hvordan disse påvirker folks helse i Barentsregionen. Videre har prosjektet som mål å gi en kort beskrivelse av en del viktige forhold knyttet til matsvinn og hvilken rolle matsvinn har eller kan ha for et bærekraftig og sunt kosthold. Denne rapporten, som peker på store ulikheter i folkehelse i de tre landene, baserer seg på arbeid gjort i prosjektets første år. Temaet matsvinn er i denne rapporten begrenset til å peke på ulikheter i de tre landene når det gjelder regelverk og noen tiltak for å redusere mengden matsvinn. Rapporten forholder seg til arbeidet gjort i en av prosjektets arbeidspakker og ble gjennomført i perioden september 2015 tom august 2016.
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Arja Rautio Sari Piippo Eva Pongrácz Elena Golubeva Andrey Soloviev Ida Synnøve Bårvåg Grini Themistoklis Altintzoglou Hilde Margrethe HelgesenAbstract
The Nordic Council of Ministers through the Arctic Co-operation Programme 2015-2017, funds «Healthy food and lifestyle in the Arctic». Researchers at NIBIO - Department of Economy and Society, and Nofima has collaborated with researchers from the University of Oulu in Finland and two universities in Arkhangelsk in Russia. An important part of the project is that researchers from Norway, Finland and Russia share knowledge and learn from each other about what a sustainable and healthy diet is and how it affects public health in the three countries. The project's overall goal has been to contribute to documenting some key trends in diet and alcohol consumption, and how these affect people's health in the Barents Region. Moreover, the project aims to provide a brief description of some key aspects related to food waste and what role food waste has, or may have a sustainable and healthy diet. This report, which points to large inequalities in health in the three countries, is based on work done in the project's first year. The theme food waste in this report is limited to pointing out differences in the three countries in terms of legislation and some measures to reduce the amount food waste. The report relates to the work done in one of the project's work packages, and was conducted during the period September 2015 to August 2016.
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