Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2012
Authors
Adam Tomasz Sikora Erlend NybakkAbstract
Poland's share of private forests is relatively small compared with that of other European countries. Private Polish forests are in poor condition and have been under great economic stress. This situation has changed somewhat with respect to rural development since Poland's accession to the European Union. However, many antecedents to the innovativeness of forest owners remain unaddressed by scholars. The objective of this paper is to study the effect of forest owners' attitudes towards risk, social responsibility, learning orientation and institutional support on their innovativeness. Additionally, we aim to analyse the forest owners' attitudes towards start-ups based on nature-based tourism, which is a relatively new activity in Poland. We used both quantitative and qualitative approaches in this study and collected data via face-to-face interviews with 105 forest owners. The results showed that, although a forest owner's attitudes towards risk, social responsibility and learning orientation positively impacted the owner's innovativeness, institutional support did not. In the qualitative portion of this study, we examine nature-based tourism as a relatively new phenomenon and the factors affecting an owner's decision to initiate this type of business. The results imply that private forest owners in Poland require greater institutional support to start tourism businesses related to their forest land. However, the present support policies do not seem to have a direct positive effect on the forest owners' innovativeness. Nevertheless, policies that limit risk, promote learning and encourage social responsibility among Polish forest owners can stimulate them to become more innovative. Previous research has shown that this change, in turn, results in better economic performance and enhanced rural vitality.
Authors
Jane Atterton John Marshall Bryden Thomas G. JohnsonAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Peder GjerdrumAbstract
Scaling accuracy is of utmost importance to obtain optimal sawn timber yield in primary breakdown. In this article, sawmill observations, review of available publications and supplementary tests are combined to analyse the accuracy of conifer roundwood scaling. The influence of important log parameters are considered for various scaling technology: one- and twodirectional (1Dir and 2Dir) shadow scanners and three-dimensional (3Dim) reflected beam scanners. Standard error for each of the terms, ovality, bark and scanner technology, is discussed. The overall accuracy for diameter under bark can be calculated by adding the variances for each independent term. Results show that for unbarked logs, 2Dir shadow scanner remains the most accurate technology. For barked logs, 3Dim reflected laser beam scanner combines the highest accuracy and the ability of providing a wide range of important log parameters. For a case study sawmill, annual roundwood consumption are reduced by 2.0% by transferring from scaling unbarked logs in a two-dimensional shadow scanner to 3Dim scanning of barked logs, while keeping the volume yield of the sawn timber.
Authors
Gudbrand Lien Roar Amundsveen Hilde Marit Kvile Subal Chandra KumbhakarAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Marie Davey Einar Heegaard Rune Halvorsen Mikael Ohlson Håvard KauserudAbstract
Bryophytes are a dominant vegetation component of the boreal forest, but little is known about their associated fungal communities, including seasonal variation within them.•Seasonal variation in the fungal biomass and composition of fungal communities associated with three widespread boreal bryophytes was investigated using HPLC assays of ergosterol and amplicon pyrosequencing of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of rDNA.•The bryophyte phyllosphere community was dominated by Ascomycota. Fungal biomass did not decline appreciably in winter (P = 0.272). Significant host-specific patterns in seasonal variation of biomass were detected (P = 0.003). Although seasonal effects were not the primary factors structuring community composition, collection date significantly explained (P = 0.001) variation not attributed to locality, host, and tissue. Community homogenization and a reduction in turnover occurred with the onset of frost events and subzero air and soil temperatures. Fluctuations in the relative abundance of particular fungal groups seem to reflect the nature of their association with mosses, although conclusions are drawn with caution because of potential methodological bias.•The moss-associated fungal community is dynamic, exhibiting seasonal turnover in composition and relative abundance of different fungal groups, and significant fungal biomass is present year-round, suggesting a winter-active fungal community.
Authors
Marie L. Davey Einar Heegaard Rune Halvorsen Mikael Ohlson Håvard KauserudAbstract
Bryophytes are a dominant vegetation component of the boreal forest, but little is known about their associated fungal communities, including seasonal variation within them.Seasonal variation in the fungal biomass and composition of fungal communities associated with three widespread boreal bryophytes was investigated using HPLC assays of ergosterol and amplicon pyrosequencing of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of rDNA.The bryophyte phyllosphere community was dominated by Ascomycota. Fungal biomass did not decline appreciably in winter (P = 0.272). Significant host-specific patterns in seasonal variation of biomass were detected (P = 0.003). Although seasonal effects were not the primary factors structuring community composition, collection date significantly explained (P = 0.001) variation not attributed to locality, host, and tissue. Community homogenization and a reduction in turnover occurred with the onset of frost events and subzero air and soil temperatures. Fluctuations in the relative abundance of particular fungal groups seem to reflect the nature of their association with mosses, although conclusions are drawn with caution because of potential methodological bias.The moss-associated fungal community is dynamic, exhibiting seasonal turnover in composition and relative abundance of different fungal groups, and significant fungal biomass is present year-round, suggesting a winter-active fungal community.
Authors
Susanne Friis Pedersen Celine Rebours Marte MelandAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Susanne Friis PedersenAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Marte Meland Celine Rebours Julie Maguire Maìrtin Walsh Alexandra Marques Lucile Mesnildrey Celine Jacob Tim Atack Igotz Gallastegi Marie Lesueur Sebastien Pien Katia FrangoudesAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Marte Meland Celine ReboursAbstract
No abstract has been registered