Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2013
Authors
Alina Danielewska Nicholas Clarke Janusz Olejnik Karin Hansen Wim de Vries Lars Lundin Juha Pekka Tuovinen Richard Fischer Marek Urbaniak Elena PaolettiAbstract
Of a wide variety of international forest research and monitoring networks, several networks are dedicated to the effects of climate change on forests, while the effects of anthropogenic pollutants on forests have been a major area for both monitoring and research for decades. The large amounts of data already obtained within existing monitoring programmes and large-scale international projects can be used to increase understanding of the state and potential of forest mitigation and adaptation to climate change in a polluted environment, and a major challenge now is to evaluate and integrate the presently available databases. We present a meta-database with the main goal to highlight available data and integrate the information about research and monitoring of selected European Research and Monitoring Networks (ERMNs). Depending on the selected ERMNs, the list of variables and the measurement units differ widely in the databases. As a result, activities related to the identification, evaluation and integration of the presently available databases are important for the scientific community. Furthermore, and equally important, the recognition of current knowledge gaps and future needed research is made easier. This analysis suggests that: ground-level ozone is under-investigated, although it is one of the pollutants of greatest concern to forests; in addition to CO2, long-term other greenhouse gasses (GHG) flux measurements should be carried out; there is still a need of improving links between monitoring of atmospheric changes and impacts on forests; research-oriented manipulative experiments in the forests are missing.
Authors
Karin Hansen Anne Thimonier Nicholas Clarke Jeroen Staelens Daniel Žlindra Peter Waldner Aldo MarchettoAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Rainer Matyssek Nicholas Clarke Pavel Cudlin Teis Nørgaard Mikkelsen Juha-Pekka Tuovinen Gerhard Wieser Elena PaolettiAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Rainer Matyssek Thomas Knoke Nicholas Clarke Pavel Cudlin Teis Nørgaard Mikkelsen Juha-Pekka Tuovinen Gerhard Wieser Elena PaolettiAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
Information on tree species effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks is scattered and there have been few attempts to synthesize results for forest floor and mineral soil C pools. We reviewed and synthesized current knowledge of tree species effects on SOC stocks in temperate and boreal forests based on common garden, retrospective paired stand and retrospective single-tree studies. There was evidence of consistent tree species effects on SOC stocks. Effects were clearest for forest floor C stocks (23 of 24 studies) with consistent differences for tree genera common to European and North American temperate and boreal forests. Support for generalization of tree species effects on mineral soil C stocks was more limited, but significant effects were found in 13 of 22 studies that measured mineral soil C. Proportional differences in forest floor and mineral soil C stocks among tree species suggested that C stocks can be increased by 200–500% in forest floors and by 40–50% in top mineral soil by tree species change. However, these proportional differences within forest floors and mineral soils are not always additive: the C distribution between forest floor and mineral soil rather than total C stock tends to differ among tree species within temperate forests. This suggests that some species may be better engineers for sequestration of C in stable form in the mineral soil, but it is unclear whether the key mechanism is root litter input or macrofauna activity. Tree species effects on SOC in targeted experiments were most consistent with results from large-scale inventories for forest floor C stocks whereas mineral soil C stocks appeared to be stronger influenced by soil type or climate than by tree species at regional or national scales. Although little studied, there are indications that higher tree species diversity could lead to higher SOC stocks but the role of tree species diversity per se vs. species identity effects needs to be disentangled in rigorous experimental designs. For targeted use of tree species to sequester soil C we must identify the processes related to C input and output, particularly belowground, that control SOC stock differences. We should also study forms and stability of C along with bulk C stocks to assess whether certain broadleaves store C in more stable form. Joint cooperation is needed to support syntheses and process-oriented work on tree species and SOC, e.g. through an international network of common garden experiments.
Authors
Nicholas ClarkeAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Nicholas ClarkeAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Samuli Launiainen Martyn N. Futter David Ellison Nicholas Clarke Leena Finér Lars Högbom Ari Laurén Eva RingAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Peter Waldner Anne Thimonier Maria Schmitt Aldo Marchetto Michela Rogora Oliver Granke Volker Mues Karin Hansen Gunilla Pihl-Karlsson Daniel lindra Nicholas Clarke Arne Verstraeten Andis Lazdins Claus Schimming Carmen Iacoban Antti-Jussi Lindroos Elena Iordanova Vanguelova Sue Benham Henning Meesenburg Manuel Nicholas Anna Kowalska Vladislav Apuhtin Ulle Nappa Zora Lachmanová Markus Neumann Albert Bleeker Morten Ingerslev Juan Molina Lars Vesterdal Walter Seidling Uwe Fischer Richard Fischer Martin LorenzAbstract
Atmospheric deposition to forests has been monitored in the frame of the ICP Forests programme with sampling and analyses of bulk and throughfall deposition at several hundred forested Level II plots for more than 15 years now. Current deposition of inorganic nitrogen and sulphate is highest in Northern Central Europe as well as in some regions in southern parts. In this study we compared linear regression and MannKendall trend analyses techniques. The choice of method had an influence on the number of trends identified as being significant. We showed that the minimal detectable trends can be estimated with the mean short term temporal variability of the deposition, which is to a large extent due to meteorological variations, such as the precipitation and circulation patterns. The overall decreasing trends for inorganic N and SO42- in the past decade of about 3% and 6% require time series of about 10 and 6 years respectively to detect a trend on a plot with statistical significance. Past reduction of human emission reduced atmospheric deposition of acidifying and eutrophying compounds. This could be confirmed due to the availability of long-term data series. However, further reductions are required to reduce deposition to forests below critical loads for the whole of Europe.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered