Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2024
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Ragnhild Aabøe Inglingstad Tove Gulbrandsen Devold Nicola Damiano Anna Caroline Holene Nina Svartedal Irene Comi Tone Inger Eliassen Tora Asledottir Ellen Kathrine Ulleberg Gerd VegarudSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
We address the question of nature-culture synergies in protected mountain landscapes with a specific focus on the Norwegian National Park of Hardangervidda. Fragile and complex ecosystems developed from long-lasting socio-ecological grazing processes that started approximately 4000 years ago in Scandinavia are facing manifold environmental challenges and societal issues that endanger both natural and cultural heritages. Our goals are to clarify the nature-culture synergies and relationships and investigate holistic management and preservation of natural and cultural values. Our results highlight an urgent need to develop holistic conservation frameworks and methodologies for protected landscapes that integrate cultural and natural heritages and enhance the potential of local communities to protect threatened semi-natural environments and experienced-based knowledge for the future.
Sammendrag
Ensiling is a common mode of preservation of animal feed. In this process, the feed undergoes lactic acid fermentation in an anaerobic environment, which decreases pH and inhibits degradation of the feed and its nutritive value. Common silos include top loaded tower silos, side loaded bunker silos (also called horizontal silos), underground pit and trench silos, and bales and tubes wrapped in plastic film. Previous studies have revealed that the type of silo often have an impact on silage properties and feed value, but these effects can vary between silage materials. Silage density is another key factor for silage nutritive value and losses. Generally, high density results in smaller losses than low density, both in bunker silos and bales, but the density effect can also be influenced by properties of the ensiled material. The objectives of this literature review were to identify factors and conditions that can modify the effect of i) silage density, and ii) silo type on dry matter losses, leaching of nutrients, fermentation characteristics, silage feed value and mycotoxins contamination. A systematic literature search was carried out in in the Web of Science core collection platform of databases. Most studies showed positive correlations between silage density, and fermentation and feed value, and negative correlations with DM losses. The majority of these studies were conducted at laboratory scale and there was also a great variation in the magnitude of these effects. Further investigations at farm scale may provide more information about the consistency of these effects across experimental scales. The silo type comparisons indicate that silage bales, bags and tubes can be favourable for silage quality and dry matter preservation compared to bunker silos, but information on silo type effects on important crops such as maize is missing.
Forfattere
Klemens Schadauer Rasmus Astrup Johannes Breidenbach Jonas Fridman Stephan Gräber Michael Köhl Kari T. Korhonen Vivian Kvist Johannsen Francois Morneau Risto Päivinen Thomas RiedelSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Ochnaflavone is a naturally occurring biflavonoid mainly isolated from Ochna integerrima, manifests health benefits encompassing antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-cardiovascular, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, most bioactivity research has focused on in vitro experiments, rather than in vivo disease models, toxicological assessments, and human clinical trials. Moreover, a comprehensive review of the pharmacological aspects of ochnaflavone is conspicuously lacking. Thus, this review provides a concise and comprehensive summary of existing knowledge on the chemical structure, plant origin, physical properties, biotransformations, and multifaceted biological activities of ochnaflavone along with an in-depth exploration of the complex molecular mechanisms behind these activities, including signaling pathways and gene expression regulation, with the aim of promoting future theoretical needs for ochnaflavone in clinical trials and providing comprehensive insights into the research and application of this valuable natural compound.
Sammendrag
This report describes the development of models to calculate losses of soil particles, phosphorus, nitrogen and organic carbon from agricultural land to first order streams. The results from the models serve as input data to the TEOTIL model which estimates the net losses from agriculture and all other sources. The agricultural models (AGRITIL) were calibrated for catchments in the Agricultural Environmental monitoring programme and are limited by the availability of data for different regions in Norway.
Forfattere
Till SeehusenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Pærebrann er en plantesykdom forårsaket av bakterien Erwinia amylovora som er regulert i plantehelseforskriften og pærebrannforskriften. Formålet med regelverket og forvaltningen av denne planteskadegjøreren er å forebygge, begrense og bekjempe videre spredning. Pærebrannprosjektet er et samarbeidsprosjekt mellom Mattilsynet og NIBIO. Mattilsynets praktiske arbeid med planteskadegjøreren koordineres via Region Sør og Vest og finansieres over Mattilsynets budsjett. NIBIO mottar bevilgninger fra Landbruks- og matdepartementet for kunnskapsstøtte til Mattilsynet knyttet til sjukdommen pærebrann. I 2023 har prosjektet prioritert rydding av lett mottakelige vertplanter for pærebrann rundt planteskoler som produserer mottakelige planter, som et ledd i å redusere risikoen for smitte inn i denne planteproduksjonen. Videre har vi prioritert kartlegging for å fremskaffe kunnskap om sykdommens utbredelse i Norge. Totalt er 67 kommuner kartlagt og det ble funnet pærebrannsmitte for første gang i 15 av disse. Pærebrann viser seg mer utbredt i spesielt Agder, enn det man tidligere har kjent til.